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THE HIGI-IER OFFICIALS 

OF THK 

UNITED STATES, 

• • ■ ANT) • ■ • 

BUILDINGS WHERE AEE EAWS ARE MADE. 

BY 

J. F. McBRIDE. 


PUBLISHED BY 

C. S. LONGENECKER *& CO. 

133 AND 135 Wabash Avenue, 

CHICAGO. 


j iv.A'r < 





1893 . 




JK 

92 


COPYRIGHT, 1S92, 

BY 

J. F. MCBRIDE. 


The Henry O. Shepard Company, 
Printers and Blank Book Makers. Chicago. 


ENGR,^VINGR RY’ J. MaNZ & Co., CHICAGO. 


PREFACE. 


yT is the pride and boast of America that this is a country of self-made men. No matter how humble may be the 
^ position of a man, it is within his power, in this land of ecpiality and republican institutions, to attain the highest 

honors within the gift of his fellow citizens. 

Onr history records many names of men who, without friends or fortune to aid them, ha\e liseu by the fore 
their own determination and ability to the proudest position in the republic. And their example shines ont brightly to 
encourage and cheer others who are struggling onward in the road by which they climbed to greatness. 

It has been the aim of the author to embody in these pages only a brief history of each official’s life, giving all 
the important facts, without detail, and within as few words as possible, yet making it so clear that after reading the 
biography of an official, a vision of his life will be so plainly portrayed before your mind that yon can see him from 

boyhood to the present time. 

One would scarcely believe it, yet it is true, there is not on an average more than one in a hundred that can 
name the capital of all the states and territories without looking them up, and there is not one in a thousand that can 

name the governors. 

Outside of the legal profession a very small percentage of the people know anything about the Supreme Court of the 
United States or its origin. In the limited space we had to devote to this tribunal, an effort was only made to gather 
together from the histories of the court such information as would give a general idea of its origin and jurisdiction. 






UNITED vSTATES CAPITOL AT WASHINGTON, D. C. EAST FRONT. 

The central structure was l)uilt in 181S-1827, and the extensions or wings in 1851-1S59. Statue of Liberty crowned the suuiinit on December 12, 1863. 

Total cost of building, $ 1 ^, 000 , 000 . 


























































GROVER CLEVELAND, 


President of the United States, 


Was born in Caldwell, New Jersey, INIarch i8, 1S37, in the little parsonage attached to 
the Presbyterian cliurdi of which his father, Richard P. Cleveland, was the pastor. 

In 1S41 Richard P'. Cleveland accepted a call to the pastorate of the Presbyterian 
church at Payetteville, New York, in which charge he remained till 1851. Then he 
accepted the agency of the Plouie Missionary vSociety and removed to Clinton Oneida 
county, New York. Grover, then fourteen years old, had accepted a position as’clerk in 
a grocery store m Fayetteville at $50 per year. When his time expired, his father called 
him home to enter the academy at Clinton (previous to this time Grover had only had 
part of the small advantages of the village public schools), and expected in due time to 
enter Hamilton College. But his intentions were never carried out, for in the fall of 
1S53 the family moved to Holland Patent, fifteen miles from Buffalo, where the father 
had received a call from the Presbyterian church. Three weeks after this removal on 
October I 1S53, Richard F. Cleveland died and left his wife and children to battle with 
the world as best they could. Grover at once obtained a position as bookkeeper and 
assistant to the superintendent in an institution for the blind in New York city. 

In 1S54 he entered, as student, the law office of Bowen & Rogers, at Buffalo, New 
\ork, one of the leading law firms in that city, and was admitted to the bar in Mav 

1859. After being admitted he still remained with this firm as their chief clerk for 
about five years. 

liome b} the persuasion of his poor widowed mother 

New Cleveland w^ appointed assistant district attorney of Erie countv 

formed a partnership \\ith Lvnian K. Eass and Wilson S Bissell wliirU 

L'S" 1,0'“"'‘““■'‘l "Mil Jl" cievelmid 

Xe.v'Y,:rk "'““‘I K"™™" of 

On January I, 1S85, he resigned his office as governor and assumerl tl,e 1 r 

organizing his administration as President. S^^crnor ana assumed the task of 

In 1S88 he was again nominated by the convention of his nartv at r • at, a 

received, at the Democratic NationM Con^ndon held “ff 

.he bSiM a»rac“lpSh?JX4h«?of^^^^ 


6 



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ADLAI E. STEVENSON, 

Vice=President of the United States, 


Was born iu Christian county, Kentucky, on October 23, 1S35. His ancestors were 
farmers for several generations back. His early training was entirely agricultural, and 
the school to which he went was an old-fashioned log house. 

In 1S52 young Adlai, then sixteen years of age, moved wnth his parents to Bloom¬ 
ington, Illinois ; but in t-wo or three years returned to Kentucky and entered Center 
College, at Danville in that state. This was a Presbyterian institution, and was quite 
celebrated in its time. Young Stevenson remained in this college about three years, 
although he did not graduate. His after life shows that he lost no interest in the insti¬ 
tution, for some years after leaving school he returned to Kentucky and showed his 
devotion to the institution by marrying Miss Green, the daughter of the president of the 
college. 

Immediately after leaving college he entered as student the law office of Robert E. 
Williams, of Bloomington, Illinois, and was admitted to the bar in 1859 in his twenty- 
third year. During this year he.left Bloomington and removed to Metamora, in Wood¬ 
ford county of the same state. Soon after his removal to Metamora he was appointed 
master in chancerv w'hich office he held for four years. _ , , 

In 1S64 he was elected to the office of district attorney, which under the old consti¬ 
tution of Illinois was an office whose work extended over several counties, having to 
“ ride the circuit ” mostly in stages or on horseback. This office he also held for four 

^ Duriu"' the war Mr. Stevenson was a strong Union man, and, while he did not 
participate personally, he did a great deal of work in the raising of troops in Woodford 

couutj.i returned to Bloomington and continued his practice until elected to 

couo-ress in 1S74. Mr. Stevenson entered congress in the first house of representatives 
controlled by the democrats after the war. In the congressional electicm of 1876, 
Mr Stevenson having been renominated for congress, was defeated by Thomas b. 
Tinton by a maiority of less than 350 votes, although the republican candidate for 
President had carried the district by several thousand. After his term expired m 
confess he returned to the practice of his profession in Bloomington. 

“in 187S he was again nominated by the convention of his party, and was returned 
to congress after an absence of two years by a good majority. During this congress, as 
in his first term, he ser^-ed on many of the most important committees Mr. Stevenson 
w'as nominated again for congress in 1S80, but was defeated by only 242, when is 

ap^ First Assistafit Postmaster-General, and retired 

from^thw^office^ i^^Sq, pe^fore the close of the Cleveland administration Mr Steven¬ 
son was nominated without consultation with him as Associate Justice of the Supreme 
Court of the District of Columbia, but as a republican President had been elected in the 
meantime, the senate took advantage of this fact to “ hang up the appointment, and 

tlie iioniinatioii was iieitlier confirnied nor rejected. 2. 2.1, ty 

In April, 1892, he was elected delegate-at-large by his state convention to the Demo¬ 
cratic Effitioial Convention at Chicago, and was aftei^ard chosen as chairman of the 
delegation. At this convention he was nominated for \ice-President of the United 

^^""^Mr Stevenson has been a constant democrat all his life. His first vote, cast in 1856, 
was for Buchanan, and he has never supported the nominee of any other party than his 
^^^n Whatever the election might be - national, state or local-he has lool^d upon 
himself and his neighbors and friends have looked upon him, as a constant partisan. 

Pie’is a member of the Second Presbyterian Church of Bloomington, Illinois, and 

has been since boyhood. 


7 


■0m 


% 











WALTER Q. GRESHAM, 

Secretary of State, 

Was born March 17, 1S32, on a farm near hanesville, Harrison county, Indiana. When 
two years of age his hither, then sheriif of the county, was killed while attempting an 

The widow with her family of six children struggled along. Young Walter did his 
share of the work, in the summer working on the farm, while in winter he attended 
the district school. In this way he passed eighteen years, his mother managing to give 
him one year at the seminary at Corydon. Then he was employed by^ the county 
auditor at'corvdou, with a salary of |8 a month and board, and saving his money so 
earned spent a year at the State University at Bloomington. He returned to Corydon 
and worked with the county clerk at $i a day, passing his leisure hours studying law 
under the guidance of Judge William A. Porter, one of the noted characters of the 
section, a martinet who drilled his pupil thoroughly. After three years of such work 
Judge Gresham was admitted to practice, and entered into partnership with Thomas E. 
Slaughter, aftenvard a circuit court judge. 

Seeing the negro drivers chasing their slaves through his home county in early life, 
gave him a horror of the traffic. The first republican campaign found him in a law 
office. He joined the party, took up the anti-slavery cause, and was one of the five men 
in the county who took the stump. 

In i860 he was elected to the legislature from Harrison county, was chairman of the 
Military Committee, and most active in aiding the legion law, which enabled Governor 
Morton to rush troops to the front. Gresham had organized a company of home guards 
and led them into the service, being first captain and then lieutenant-colonel. He 
became colonel of the 53d Indiana in December, 1861, and joined General Grant at 
Savannah. He was made brigadier-general for good work before Vicksburg. When 
before Atlanta, July 20, 1S64, General Gresham was disabled, a minie-ball breaking his 
leg below the knee as he was leading a charge. This was the last of his service. 

The next year he resumed the practice of law’ at New Albany with General John M. 
Butler. 

He was the republican candidate for congress in 1866 and 1868, and though beaten 
it is known that the first time he got more votes than his opponent, Kerr. 

When General Grant was elected President, Gresham was offered the collectorship 
at New Orleans, and the district attorneyship, but declined. He recommended Judge 
Slaughter for the United States district judgeship, but Grant sent Gresham’s name to 
the senate w’ithout asking the Judge, and he was confirmed. There was trouble at once, 
Gresham insisting he would not accept, but Slaughter turned in for him and insisted on 
it. For tw’elve years he served, not one decision being reversed by the Supreme Court. 

He was called to Arthur’s cabinet as Postmaster-General, and then as Secretary of 
the Treasun-, leaving the latter to succeed Judge Drummond on the circuit bench. In 
the postoffice department he secured the reduction of newspaper rates, reduction of 
Canadian postage, and a postal connection with Mexico. 

On the bench his greatest decision was in the Wabash case, when he went beneath 
technicalities and put all the lines of the system under a receiver, thus giving Jay Gould 
a direct slap in the face. It W’as popular, and made him more famous than ever before. 

His predominating trait is honesty of purpose, and he looks beneath technicalities 
to the equitv of every cause. He is social, approachable, and well liked by every one. 

Judge Gresham married, in 1858, Miss Matilda McGrain, daughter of a farmer living 
near Corydon. They have a son and a daughter. They now live in Chicago. 





















JOHN G. CARLISLE. 

Secretary of the Treasury, 


Began his life in immediate contact with the soil. Ilis father, Lilhon H. Carlisle, was a 
small farmer in what is now Kenton, Kentucky, but was in 1835, when John G. was 
born, Campbell county. 

The county was subsequently divided, and the old Carlisle farm, situated only a few 
miles from Covington, fell to the part which was called Kenton. 

Soon after John G. was born his father died, and from that time on his mother 
conducted the farm. When it came to doing farm work John was known as a mortally 
lazy boy. Many times -when he was supposed to be in the field at w'ork, he was found 
stretched out in some shady nook buried in a book, and at such times he was always 
giving the horse a rest, he said. In fact the horse that went out with Master John to 
work always struck a “ snap.” 

It was very evident at an early stage in the youth’s career that all attempts to make 
him a farmer might as well be abandoned. Leaving the farm he went to Covington and 
obtained a situation as a teacher, having at that time but comparatively little education, 
and that little had been acquired partially in the common schools of the country, but 
principally b}”^ solitary reading and study. However, teaching W'as not his objective 
point. It was the law, and it was not long before he was admitted as a student into the 
office of John W. Stevenson, and in 1858, when but twenty-three years old, he was 
admitted to the bar. His first speech in his first case was a signal success. 

The next year he w'as elected to the Kentucky House of Representatives. He 
lacked a few months of the twenty-five years of age requisite to admission to the legis¬ 
lature when he was elected, but by the time the legislature convened he had passed the 
turning mark and was duly sworn in. 

He was a strong Union man from the beginning, and all through the war, but took 
no part in the struggle in any way ; he remained all through it in Covington practicing 


his profession. 

In 1866 he entered public life again as a member of the Kentucky State Senate, 
serv-ed his term, was reelected, and during his second term resigned to accept the 
lieutenant-governorship to which he had in the meantime been chosen. That was in 
1871. Five years later he was elected to the Forty-fifth Congress and in congress he 
remained until his election in 1890 to the United States Senate to fill the place made 


vacant by the death of Senator Beck. 

Long before his election to congress his law' practice had grown to be one of the 
largest and most lucrative in Kentucky 

It was as Speaker that his great powers first stood revealed. It is safe to say that, 
all things considered, he was the best Speaker that ever wielded the gavel in the house 
of representatives. This is high praise, but it is substantially the unanimous verdict of 
those who sat under him during the three terms he held that high position. The cast of 
his mind is over and above all things, judicial. This judicial cast of mind, possessed 
in such a pronounced degree as vSenator Carlisle possesses it, made him one of the fairest 
speakers that ever sat in the chair. A strong partisan himself,and keenly alive to all the 
points which might be turned to partisan advantage, he yet was alw'ays inexorable in 
his refusal to strain the rules to the advantage of his party friends. Not a single one of 
all his thousands of rulings was ever appealed from in the House. This in itself is a 
a most extraordinary record. He was furthermore always courteous and considerate. 
He never in all the wildest moments of excitement, lost his head or his temper His 
round mdodious voice always kept its even, dignified pitch. His control of the House 


was admirable. 





9 




DANIEL S. LAMONT, 


Secretary of W ar, 

Was horn in Cortlaiulville, Cortland comity. New York, in 1S51. His father John B 
Laniont, and his mother, Elizabeth Scott, are still living at aicGrawville, in Cortland 

‘■''""Mr. Lanionfs first ivork was as a clerk in his father’s store. He Performed this work 
on the same davs that he attended the village school, where he was fitted for the Cen ra 
\cademy which succeeded the abolitionist college at the breaking out of the war. He 
finished his academic course and entered rnion College in the class of 1872 

He was appointed bv the governor, at the age of nineteen, one of the deputy clerks 
of the assemblv. At twenty he was sent as a delegate to the state convention at Roches¬ 
ter in iS-i That was a famous convention, the one that followed close upon tie 
exposure of the corruption under Tweed in New York city. When Mr Laniont was 
twLtv-one he was nominated bv the democrats for county clerk of Cortland countv, 
and, although opposing one of the most popular men in that strongly republican 
countv he came within a few votes of reversing a majority that had stood at 1,600 on the 
other'side. The next year found him running for the assembly on the democratic 
ticket, and again he had the prize at the ends of his fingers, but lost it by a very few 

votes. That was in IS74. , ,,, , 

Tdr. Tilden, who was then elected governor, sent for Laniont to go to Albany, when 

he a«-ain became deputv clerk of the assembly. 

Snbsequentlvhe wms appointed chief clerk of the State Department under Mr. John 
Bn-elow. His intimacy with 7 >Ir. Tilden still distinguished him, and he found himself 
one of the voung men whom the governor called about him for assistance in making up 
his orcraniiation of the party in the state. Others of that bodyguard were Senator 
David B. Hill, the late Edgar K. Apgar, Charles S. Fairchild, William A. Beach, Horatio 
Sevniour, Jr., Hinl W ilHani iy. Sinitli. 

In the formation of what came to he called the Tilden machine, ]Mr. Lamont was 
very active. And he bore no small part in securing the nomination and election of such 

men as the great governor favored. ■ r 

He was secretary of the state committee during the state campaign ol 1875, 

Mr Tilden being the director of the campaign. , i r 1 ■ i„~ 

When Grover Cleveland was a candidate for governor, Laniont worked for his elec¬ 
tion nreciselv as he had for the previous candidates of his party . . 

Before Mr. Cleveland’s inauguration as governor, Mr. Laniont visited iji Buff^alo, 

and the post of militarv secretary on his staff was offered to Laniont That place 
carried vvnth it the title of “Colonel,” which Mr. Laniont had not worn before. 

When Cleveland was inaugurated governor, he selected Laniont as his private secre- 
tarv He remahied with Cleveland all the time he was governor, and 111 1884 went 
with him to Washington, there to continue as his private secretary. 

\t the end of Cleveland’s administration Mr. Laniont went to NewWork and con 
nected himself with a street railway company ; was both a director and large stockholder 
nect^ci mmse New York citv a director in eight companies Among them 

were the Continental National Bank, the New York Security and Trust Company, the 
New Cn S improvement Company, the New York & Northern Ra. W, the 

Llbaiiv & Greenbush Bridge Company, and all the street railroads of the Whitiip s> 
dicate' and held the places of secretary or treasurer in several of these companies. 

In iS. on account of his health, he made a six months' tour of all the principal 

countries of Europe. , r r. .1 i 

He married, in 1874, Miss Julia Kinney, of Cortland. 








WILSON S. BISSELL. 

Postmaster^Qeneral, 

Was born in New London, Oneida county, New York, December 31, 1S47. When he 
was six years old his parents moved to Buffalo. He attended the public schools in this 
city until he went to a private school in New Haven to prepare for college. He gradu¬ 
ated with honors from Yale, after a four years’ course. 

At the age of twenty-two years he began the study of law with A. P. Lanning, who 
subseciuently formed a copartnership with Grover Cleveland and Oscar Folsom. 

In the fall of 1S72 Mr. Bissell formed a partnership with the Hon. Lyman K. Bass, 
and about a year later ^Ir. Cleveland became a member of the firm, which was there¬ 
after known as Bass, Cleveland & Bissell. 

That firm was gradually dissolved, first by the removal of ^Ir. Bass to Colorado on 
account of ill health, and by election of Mr. Cleveland as governor of New York. 

Mr. Bissell reorganized the firm, and for two or three years it bore the name of 
Bissell, Sicard & Goodyear, and the firm is now Bissell, Sicard, Brundage & Bissell, 
IMr Bissell’s brother, Herbert P., having been admitted to a partnership. 

■ The firm has alwavs enjoyed a large practice, and Mr. Bissell for the past few years 
has been obliged to refuse a large amount of the business which has been offered to him. 

The special character of his practice has been that of counsel for corporations. He 
is regarded as being one of the ablest railroad lawyers in the country. 

He has been president of two or three railroads in the western part of New Tork 
and in Pennsylvania. He is now a director in a large number of corporations, both rai 

road and commercial. 

He has been an active member of the democratic party for many years, but never 
could be induced to hold a political office, with the exception that he was presiden la 
elector-at-large in 1SS4. He has repeatedly been solicited by his party associa . 
to take important local nominations, but his invariable answer has been a positive 

’""nHias been a delegate to state conventions three or four times, and 111 1890 was 
• t d bv Governor Hill as a member of the commission of thirty-eight lawjer. 
:^::::::d :: ^0. of proposing ainendments to the Judiciary Article of the Con- 

''''”rinr"irBisl^irra^ren^^^ and companionable man. Of uncommonly large 
arraUratLcts attention wherever he may be, and his intellectual equalities 
stature, e n y i ■ f the first time that he is a big man other than 

T" ri..; 3.... ... 

physically. - g i He is fond of a good joke, and is usually the life of 

r ruio..... ... 

Buffalo Club. 
























RICHARD OLNEY, 

Attorney=General, 

Was bom in Oxford, Massachusetts, in 1S35. 

Graduated from Brown University in 1856, and Harvard law school two 
years later. 

He is known to be one of the best corporation lawyers in New 
England. 

He was for .several 3'ears counsel for the Boston & Maine Railroad, and 
was general counsel for the Atchison, Topeka & Santa Fe, and Chicago, 
Burlington <Sc Ouincj’ railroads, and manj' other large corporations. 

His ouh’ political venture was when he represented the second Norfolk 
district in the legislature in 1874. This was the j'ear when there was a great 
overturn in state politics, William Gaston defeating Governor Talbot by 
nearh' 8,000 votes. 

In Mr. Olnej-’s district there was a close contest. On the face of the 
returns he was onlj- five behind, a recount made it a tie, and on a new 
election he won the seat. 

Twice he has been offered a Massachusetts justiceship, but declined, 
having the la.st offer from Governor Russell. 

A few 3’ears ago he was the part}' candidate for attorney-general in his 
state. 

Mr. Olne}’ is a man of large wealth, and his income from his practice 
was estimated to be fulh' $50,000 per 3'ear. 

The selection of Mr. Richard Olnej' for the office of attornej' general maj' 
safely be pronounced excellent. No law3'er who knows him doubts that 
Mr. Olne}' stands at the front of his profession, not by arrogation, but b}' 
merit, and he being selected to the office of attome}' general met with high 
approval all over the countr}^ 









HILARY A. HERBERT, 

Secretary of the Navy, 


Was boru in Lawrenceville, South Carolina, fifty-eight years ago. His father was a 
planter, a democrat, and a school teacher. Hilary, while an active boy in field sports, 
developed an aptitude for study at an early age. His family removed to Alabama when 
he w'as tw’elve years old. 

Six years afterward he entered the University of Alabama. On leaving it he stood 
first in his class. Two years afterward he entered the University of Virginia. After a 
two years’ course there he returned home, studied law, and was admitted to the bar. 

He had fairly entered upon his profession and was achieving success, when Alabama 
seceded from the Union. 

Immediately after Jefferson Davis was inaugurated President of the Southern Con¬ 
federacy, at Montgomery, Herbert joined the Southern army in Virginia, as captain in 
the 8th Alabama Regiment. His first service was under Gen. J. B. Magruder at the siege 
of Yorktown. The 8th Alabama was engaged in nearly every battle on the peninsula. 
Herbert was wounded and captured in the fight at Fair Oaks. Even at that early day he 
had won the commission of major. Within two months, however, he w'as exchanged, 
and again entered active servdce. Not long afterward he was promoted to lieutenant- 


colonel. , , • • 

He was in the fight at Fredericksburg and at Salem Heights, his regiment being in 
Wilcox’s brigade, Anderson’s division. He was engaged at Antietam and at Gettysburg. 
In the latter battle the 8th Alabama was in Anderson’s division, A. P. Hill’s corps. It 
was confronted by the regiment of Martin Maginess on the Union side. Twenty years 
afterward Herbert and Maginess satin adjoining seats in the house of representatives. 

After Lee’s retreat from Pennsylvania came the campaign of the Wilderness. In t e 
deadly battle near Spottsylvania, Herbert was seriously wounded ; the bone was shot out 
of his^left arm, which to this day hangs useless at his side, a silent reminder of Lee s 
desperate struggle with Grant in the Wilderness. Herbert was on foot in the thick 
woods at the head of his regiment when the bullet struck his arm. It turned him c - 
Tetely arou^S His men hire him from the field. His wound was of such a "a ure that 
he could not return to the army. After being promoted to colonel he was retired. After 
the war he resumed the practice of law, and became the head of the bar in his county. 

Two years after the war he married Miss Ella Smith, of Selma. She was sa d 
to be the most beautiful woman in Alabama. She afterward became a great ornament 
of Lc\ety in Washin^on. When she died, eight years ago, she was vice-regent of the 

Mount removed from Greenville, where he had lived since the war 

His first service i" 2'de"rHay”ef ‘‘Ee oVlyTnte“ded”to“ rve the ooe term, but his work 
Stest?d“ of The great success of efforts iu congress during the many years he was 

Teeps abreast of the public matters in which he is interested. 




13 

















HOKE SMITH, 

Secretary of the Interior, 


Was born in Newton, North Carolina, December 2, 1S55. Ilis family were among the 
early settlers of New bhigland. 

When he was sixteen 3-ears of age his father removed to Atlanta, Georgia, where 
his son began the stud}- of law. 

His father is Prof. H. H. Smith, who some 3'ears ago was the president of a college 
in North Carolina, but at the present time is the principal of a girl’s high school of 
Atlanta. His mother who is still living was IMiss Hoke, daughter of Judge Hoke. 

ilr. Smith commenced the stud}- of law when sixteen 3’ears of age, and being 
admitted to the bar he devoted his energies to the law, and soon secured an extensive 
practice, and at the time of entering Cleveland’s cabinet, the income from his law busi¬ 
ness was estimated to be from ^30,000 to $35,000 per 3'ear. 

He is known throughout Georgia and Alabama as an anti-corporation law3’er, and 
the big suits against railroad companies which he has won for his clients are numbered 
in the hundreds. 

He is an eloquent and engaging public speaker and versed in political methods. It 
was largel}- due to his efforts in the democratic convention at Chicago, in Jul}-, 1892, 
that the southern delegates were induced to tender their allegiance to Mr. Cleveland. 
His influence during the campaign was also potent with good re.sults and did much 
toward bringing him into national prominence. His abilities are unque.stioned among 
those who know him best, and his character is above reproach. 

Besides being a law3-er, Mr. vSmith has had some experience in the newspaper pro¬ 
fession. Bu3-ing the Atlanta Journal at a time when its fortunes were not of the bright¬ 
est, he adopted the polic}- which Mr. Grady found .so successful in building up the 
Atlanta Cousiiiution. He emplo3-ed good men, paid them good salaries and encouraged 

them in their work. Whenever a reporter brought in an exclusive piece of new-s or did 

* 

the work assigned to him with unusual excellence, he found awaiting him an order for 
the best suit of clothes that the cit}- afforded. Once, when a cit}- editor of the Journal 
executed a commission with .special credit, Mr. Smith jjreseuted him with a horse and 
buggy. 

-Mr. Smith married the daughter of Howell Cobb, ex-governor of Georgia, and one 
of the bravest generals in the Confederate Arm3'; he was also Secretar}- of the Treasury 
under President Pierce. 

Mrs. Smith is a sister of Mrs. Henr}- Jackson, who is recognized as the leader of 
societ}- in Atlanta, and Mrs. Smith’s receptions, it is said, are memorable occasions in 
the Georgia cit}-. 




14 










J. STERLING MORTON, 

Secretary of Agriculture, 

Was born in Adams, Jefferson county, New York, April 22, 1832. His father, Julius 
Dewin iMortou, was a native of St. Albans, Vermont. 

Removing with his parents to Monroe, ^Michigan, at an early age, Mr. Morton 
attended school at IMonroe ; siibseqnently at the State University at Ann Arbor, and 
finalh" at Union College, New York, then under the charge of E. Nott, from whom he 
received his diploma in 1S54. 

He then took up the study of law and graduated from the Michigan University law 
department. 

He then entered the law office of William A. IMoore, of Detroit, and one of the next 
things he did was to get married. 

While a student he met Miss Caroline Joy French, of Detroit. Miss Jo3’’s parents 
died when she was still a j-ouiig girl and she was adopted b}' IMr. and Mrs. David French. 
Sterling and Caroline became engaged when the latter was fourteen j'ears of age and 
were married October 30, 1854. Shortly after thej- removed to Nebraska City, Nebraska, 
and Mr. Morton made a contract with the Town vSite Companj", becoming owner of five 
town shares and several lots in the town site. 

He received the sum of $50 a month for editing the Nebraska City JVezvs. This he 
held for about a j'ear, resigning the position in 1857, and doing editorial work at inter¬ 
vals until 1S77. 

In 1S55 he was elected to the territorial legislature ; was again a candidate in 1856, 
but was defeated by eighteen votes in consequence of his opposition to chartering “wild¬ 
cat ” banks. He was reinstated as a member in 1S57, and took an active part in the 

adjournment of the legislature to Florence. 

He succeeded Thomas B. Cuming, as secretary of the territory' in the spring of 1858, 
and became active governor within a few months by the resignation of Governor Rich¬ 
ardson, and was succeeded in his position by A. S. Paddock in 1861. 

In the fall of 1S60 he was nominated by the democrats as a delegate to congress, his 
opponent being Samuel G. Daily. The result of the election showed Morton fourteen 
votes in the majority, and he was accordingly certified as delegate. The session coming 
on and his party being in the minoritj-, his seat was contested and the question finalh' 
decided in favor of his opponent. Returning home, Mr. Morton took no active part in 
politics until the spring of 1S66, when he received the gubernatorial nomination, con¬ 
testing with David Butler the honor of being the first governor of Nebraska. In conse¬ 
quence of the irregularities of Rock Bluffs precinct, Cass county, by which about 160 
votes were thrown out, Butler was declared elected. 

Without a caucus being held, Morton received the entire strength of his party for 
United States Senator. The vote for senator stood 28 to 21 in favor of T. W. Tipton. 

Mr. Morton was appointed to represent Nebraska at the Paris exposition and was 
one of the commissioners at the Philadelphia exposition. He has been a prominent 
member and president of the state board of agriculture and horticulture. 
















MELVILLE W. FULLER, 


Chief Justice of the United States, 

Was born in Augusta, Maine, on February ii, 1833. Entered Bowcloin College at an 
early age, and graduated in 1853. He began the study of law almost ininiediately, under 
the'direction of his uncle, George ^I. Weston, at Bangor, Maine, and also attended a 
course of lectures at the Harvard Law School. In 1S55 he formed a partnership with 
his uncle, Benjamin A. G. Fuller, at Augusta, with whom he was associated as editor of 
the M-c, a leading democratic paper. In the following year he became president of the 
common council of his native town, and also served as city solicitor. 

Although meeting with remarkable success, and enjoying the most enviable pros¬ 
pects. he resolved, with the enterprising spirit of a pioneer, upon a removal to the West, 
and toward the close of the year 1856, established himself in Chicago. Here he was 
engaged in active practice for thirty-three years, rising gradually to the highest rank, 
and taking part in all the important arguments of the time. In the famous Cheney case 
he greatly distinguished himself, defending the bishop before an ecclesiastical council 
agahist a charge of canonical disobedience, and astonishing his hearers by his extraor¬ 
dinary knowledge of ecclesiastical law, and his familiarity with the writings of the 
fathers of the church. His argument of the same case before the Supreme Court of 
Illinois has been pronounced a masterpiece of forensic eloquence and skill. 

His participation in politics has been slight. In 1861 he was a member of the State 
Constitutional Convention of Illinois, and in 1862 sensed for a single term in the 
legislature. 

He was chosen as a delegate to the Democratic National Conventions of 1S64, 1872, 
1876 and iSSo. 

He is a ripe scholar in the classics, familiar with several European languages, diligent 
in research, fluent in speech, and ready with his pen ; he has attained a high reputation 
as an orator, and has delivered many notable addresses. Of these the most important 
was in commemoration of the inauguration of George Washington as first President of 
the United States, delivered before the two houses of congress, on December ii, 1S89; 
an oration characterized by ardent patriotism, descriptive power, historic spirit, and lofty 

eloquence. 

The Northwestern University in 1S84, and Bowdoin in 1888, conferred upon him the 
degree of LL.D. 

He presides with dignity and grace over the deliberations of the tribunal, and is 
known to the bar as a man of amiable disposition and generous impulse. 

The death of Chief Justice Waite occurred on March 23, 1889, and Melville W. Fuller, 
of Illinois, was appointed by President Grover Cleveland as his successor, and was duly 
commissioned July 20 of the same year. 


(See page 132.) 













STEPHEN J. FIELD, 

Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States, 

Son of the Rev. David D. Field, D.D., was born in Uaddam, Connecticut, November 4, 
1816. In 1S19 the family moved to Stockbridge, Massachusetts, where he spent ten years 
of his boyhood. 

In 1S29 he accompanied his sister to Asia Minor, her husband. Rev. Josiah Brewer, 
having undertaken an educational mission to the Greeks. He remained two years and 
a half in the East, chief!}’ in Smyrna and Athens, and learned to speak and write with 
ease the modern Greek language. 

He entered Williams College in 1833, and graduated in 1S37 with the highest honors 
of his class. In 1S33 he began the study of law in the office of his brother, David Dudley 
Field, in New York, and in 1S41 became his partner, and so remained for seven years. 

In 184S he traveled extensively in Europe. Shortly after his return he sailed for 
California, and arrived at San Francisco December 28, 1S49. 

On January 18 following he was chosen alcalde of Marysville. Under the Mexican 
law the alcalde was an officer of very limited jurisdiction, but in the anomalous condi¬ 
tion of affairs in California at that time he was called upon to exercise and did exercise 
very great powers, both in civil and criminal matters, and as an executive officer. 
Alcalde Field accordingly administered justice, punished crime, and made and enforced 
necessary police regulations until the election and appointment of officers under the new 
constitution. 

He was elected to the assembly of the second legislature, which was the first one 
chosen after the admission of California into the union, and was placed on the judiciary 
committee. 

From 1851 to 1857 he practiced his profession, and was then elected a judge of the 
supreme court of the state for the term of six years. He became chief justice in 
September, 1859. 

In 1S63, before the expiration of his term on the state bench. Judge Field was 
appointed by President Lincoln as associate justice of the supreme court of the United 
States. 

The appointment was made upon the unanimous recommendation of the congres¬ 
sional delegation of the Pacific Coast, then consisting of four senators and four repre¬ 
sentatives, of whom five were democrats and three republicans, all of them union men. 

In the United States Supreme Court he has, for over thirty years, borne his share of 
jts labors. 

His life has been twice attempted. Some twenty-eight years ago he received through 
the mail a package containing a deadly machine, but fortunately w’as prevented from 
opening it. Upon the inside was found pasted against the lid a copy of his decision in the 
Pneblo case, by which a large number of speculators and adventurers, who had occupied 
land in San Francisco as squatters, had been deposed. And a few years ago Judge Terry, 
a man notorious for violence, yet formerly his associate in the supreme court of Califor¬ 
nia, who, incensed at a decision adverse to his personal interests, assisted by his wife, 
attempted insult and assassination. Some months afterward the Deputy United States 
Marshal, who was specially deputed as an attendant to protect the justice in the per¬ 
formance of his duties, shot Terry in a railway eating house (where they accidentally 
met) as he was about to commit a deadly assault upon the justice. 


17 











JOHN M. HARLAN, 


Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States, 

Was born June i, 1S33, in Boyle county, Kentucky. He was the son of Hon. James 
Harlan, who was one of the representatives from Kentucky in the Twenty-fourth and 
Twentv-fifth Congresses, Attorney-General of Kentucky in 184S and the eight succeeding 
years. In 1S62, at the special request of President Lincoln, he accepted the office of 
United States Attorney for Kentucky District, and holding that position until his death. 

Young Harlan graduated at Center College, Kentucky, in 1850, studied law at 
Transylvania University, and practiced his profession at Frankfort. He occupied the 
position of county judge in 1858. Unsolicited by him, he received the succeeding year 
the nomination from the elements united in opposition to the democratic party, to a seat 
in congress, and out of a total vote of over sixteen thousand in the district fell but sixty- 
seven short of an election. 

The next year he was a Bell and Everett elector upon the state ticket, and, follow- 
iuo- that election, removed to Louisville, and there associated himself with the Hon. W. 
F. Bullock in the practice of law. 

Upon the outbreak of the war he was fearless in the expression of his devotion to 
the Union, and in the fall of 1861, raised the loth Kentucky Volunteer Infantry, which 
formed a portion of Gen. George H. Thomas’ Division. Upon the death of his father in 
the spring of 1S63, although his name was before the senate for confirmation as a 
brigadier-general of volunteers, he felt compelled to resign his position. 

Immediately upon his return from the army, he accepted a unanimous nomination 
of the Union party of Kentucky for the office of attorney-general, and his election fol¬ 
lowing, his official duties demanded his presence at the capital of the state. There he 
remained until the fall of 1867, when he returned to active practice in Louisville. 

Having supported the election of Grant and Colfax, he felt compelled against his 
inclinations, in 1871, to accept the unanimous nomination of the republican party for the 
office of governor ; and after a canvass of the entire state with his opponent he received 
a vote nearly fifty per cent over the aggregate congressional vote for the republican 
nominees of the previous year in the state. 

The follo-ndng year his name was presented by the republican convention of Ken¬ 
tucky as a candidate for the Vice-Presidency, and in 1875, he still further increased the 
republican vote in a renewed canvass for governor. At the republican convention 
wffiich nominated Mr. Hayes for President he was chairman of the Kentucky delegation. 

He subsequently declined to accept from that President a diplomatic position as a 
substitute for the attorney-generalship, to which, before he reached Washington, the 
President intended to assign to him. 

He sen-ed as a member of the Louisiana Commission appointed by President Hayes. 

On November 29, 1877, he was commissioned, and on December 10 took his seat, as 
an associate justice of the Supreme Court of the United States. In addition to the 
arduous duties as a member of that tribunal he has accepted the chair of Constitutional 
Law in the Columbian Law School at Washington. 

He was appointed by President Harrison in 1892 as one of the arbitrators to repre¬ 
sent the United States in the convention held at Paris to settle the Behring Sea 
question. 

Justice Harlan unites to advantage a commanding presence with a genial, cordial 
ma nner of his old Kentucky home. As a gentleman, a judge and a Christian he is 
known and esteemed among a large circle of the best citizens of the republic. 















HORACE GRAY, 

Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States, 

Is a native of Boston, Massachusetts, born March 24, 1824. He graduated at Harvard 
College, in the class of 1845. His father, who was prominently connected with the iron 
interests, and a man of considerable wealth, afforded his son the opportunity, by exten¬ 
sive travel in Europe, to apply and enlarge the education before acquired. Upon com¬ 
pleting the tour of Europe he returned to Harvard, entered the law school, and 
subsequent!}- familiarized himself with the practical details of court proceedings, in the 
office of Judge Lowell. 

In early manhood he associated himself with the founders of the free soil party, but 
the practice of his profession soon so largely absorbed his attention that his subsequent 
connection with politics has seemed almost a nominal one. Entering upon practice 
early in 1851, he secured a prominent position at the bar, controlling many important 
cases ; but on March 3, 1854, he was appointed reporter of the supreme judicial court of 
Massachusetts, which position he held until 1861. 

Sixteen volumes of reports attest the fidelity and discrimination with which he 
discharged his official duties. 

In 1S57, while still occupying the position of reporter, he formed a law partnership 
with Judge Hoar, but professional engagements and increasing practice induced him 
early in 1S61 to resign his official position. Governor Andrew, on August 24, 1S64, 
appointed him associate justice of the supreme judicial court of Massachusetts, and upon 
the death of Chief Justice Chapman, September 5, 1873, he was appointed to the vacancy. 

President Arthur, on December 20, 1881, commissioned Judge Gray an associate 
justice of the Supreme Court of the United States. While a change from the chief justice¬ 
ship of Massachusetts to the Supreme Court of the United States can hardly be regarded 
as one from a brevet to full rank, yet the latter position attracts perhaps more notice, 
and to say that expectations naturally indulged, from the worthy service he had rendered 
as chief justice of that state, have been realized in his new position, is but to formulate 
the general judgment of the bar. 

Mr. Justice Gray delivered the opinion of the United States vSupreme Court that 
“Congress has the constitutional power to make the treasury notes of the United States 
a legal tender in payment of private debts in time of peace as well as time of w-ar ; and 
that the impressing upon the treasury notes of the United States the quality of being a 
legal tender in payment of private debts is an appropriate means, and conducive and 
plainly adapted to the execution of the undoubted powers of congress, consistent with 
the letter and spirit of the Constitution, and, therefore, within the meaning of that 
instrument, ‘ necessary and proper for carrying into execution the powers vested by this 
Constitution in the government of the United States.’ ” 

While in social life Justice Gray is pleasant and unreserved, upon the bench he has 
something of the old-time dignity which marked the judicial officer as one removed from 
familiar intercourse w-ith men. 




19 






SAMUEL BLATCHFORD, 

Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States, 

Is a native of New York city. He was born March 9, 1820. After careful training 
for his collegiate course in the best preparatory schools of the city, he entered Colninbia 
College, from which he graduated when seventeen years of age. He subsequently, in 
1S67, received the degree of LI,.I), from that college. 

William H. Seward, having been elected governor of New York in 183S, selected 
Mr. Blatchford as his private secretary, which place he held for nearly three years. 

He was admitted to the bar in January, 1S42, and entered on the practice of his 
profession in the city of New York. 

In 1S45 he removed to Auburn, New York, and became the law partner of ex-Gov- 
ernor Seward. 

In 1852 he commenced the publication of the decisions of the second circuit of 
the United States Court, and two years later removed to New York city. In May, 
1867, he was appointed, by President Johnson, judge of the district court for the 
southern district of New York. 

President Hayes, on March 4, 1S7S, appointed Judge Blatchford circuit judge of 
the second judicial circuit. 

On March 22, 1SS2, President Arthur commissioned Judge Blatchford as an associate 
justice of the Supreme Court of the United States. 

The position of Judge Blatchford, as district and circuit judge, in the locality over 
which he has exercised jurisdiction, has perhaps given him greater experience in 
admiralty and patent cases than any of his associates on the supreme bench have 
enjoyed. His volume of Prize Cases, and the twenty-three volumes of Blatchford’s 
Circuit Court Reports, which began with 1S46 and stand first among circuit reports, 
contain a large number of his carefully considered opinions, not only upon admiralty 
and patent cases, but involving many questions of commercial law. 

As an admiralty judge he ranks among the foremost in the land, having considered 
and determined questions as to the rules of navigation on the high seas ; as to excessive 
speed of steamers on the high seas in a fog; as to wdiether damage to a cargo by rats 
is a peril of the sea; as to process of foreign attachment in admiralty; as to re-insur¬ 
ance of a charter party ; as to jurisdiction in admiralty of damages not done on the 
water; and as to the liabilitj' to a seizure in admiralty, for a maritime tort, of a steam 
tug belonging to a municipality and employed exclusively in public sendee. 







DAVID J. BREWER, 

Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States, 

Sou of Rev. Josiali and Emilia A. Brewer, was born in Smyrna, Asia INIinor, June 20, 
1S37. Ilis mother's maiden name was Eield ; she was a sister of David Dudley and 
Cvrus W. Field. His father was a missionary to the Greeks in Turkey. 

David J. Brewer commenced his .studies at Wesleyan University, Middletown, Con¬ 
necticut, hut removed to New Haven, and graduated at A'ale College in 1856. On 
leaving Yale he entered the law office of his uncle, David Dudley F'ield, in New York 
citv, in which he spent one year as a student, and completed his legal studies at the 
Albany Law School, from which he graduated in the class of 1S58. In the fall of that 
year IMr. Brewer came West, and after a residence of a few mouths in Kansas City, 
started up the Arkansas valley for Pike’s Peak and Denver. He returned to Kansas in 
June, 1S59, and after a short visit home located in Leavenworth, September 13, 1S59, 
since which time he has been a resident of that city, until January, 1890, when he 
moved to Washington, his present home. 

In 1861 he was appointed United States Commissioner. In 1862 he was elected 
judge of the probate and criminal courts for Leavenworth county. In 1864 he was 
elected judge of the district court for the first judicial district. In 1S68 he was elected 
county attorney for his county. In 1870 he was elected a justice of the supreme court, 
and was reelected again in 1S76 and 1882. In March, 1S84, and before the expiration of 
his third term on the supreme bench of the state, he was appointed by' President Arthur 
as United States circuit judge for the ninth circuit. In December, 1889, he was 
appointed by President Harrison as one of the justices of the Supreme Court of the 
United States. In 1863-4 he was a member of the board of education of Leavenworth 
city ; in 1864-5 he was president of the board, and in 1865-8 superintendent of public 
schools for the county. During 1862-3, he was secretary of the Mercantile Library Asso¬ 
ciation of Leavenworth, and its president in 1864. He was president of the State 
Teachers’ Association in 1S6S. When the IMount Muncie Cemetery Association, the 
public cemetery of Leavenworth, was formed, in 1868, he became one of its trustees 
and was elected secretary, and has filled these offices to the present time. 

On October 3, 1861, he w'as married to Louise R. Landon, of Burlington, \ ermout. 
They have four daughters, all living: Harriet Emilia, married September ii, 1889, to 
Aaron P. Jetmore, of Topeka, Kansas ; Etta Louise, married April 18, 1892, to James L. 
Karrick, of Boston ; Fanny Adele and Elizabeth Hale, unmarried. 




21 















HENRY B. BROWN, 

Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States, 

Was bom in Lee, lilassachusetts, March 21, 1S36. His father was a manufacturer and his 
mother was a woman of exceptional strength of character. 

He w;is graduated from Yale College in 1856, in the same class with Chauncey M. 
Depew, Justice David J. Brewer, and others who have since attained to national 
reputation. 

At the close of his college course he spent a year in Europe, studying lauguages and 
traveling extensively on the continent. Returning, he began his law studies at New 
Haven, but received his degree from the Han-ard Law Department. 

In 1S59 he went to Detroit, entering the office of a prominent law firm, in which he 
continued until April, 1S61, when he was appointed Deputy United States Marshal and 
assistant district attornev. 

His connection with the latter office continued until 186S, when Governor Crapo 
made him judge of the Wayne circuit court, the highest court in the city of Detroit 
having a law and chancerj-jurisdiction. This appointment was merely to fill a vacancv 
caused by resignation and continued only a j-ear, when the people, with their customary 
good judgment in such cases, elected a man immensely his inferior in every respect. 

He then returned to the practice of his profession, forming a partnership with J. S. 
Newberry and Ashley Pond. The practice of the firm was largely in the United States 
Court, the fimi being one of the most noted in admiralty practice in the lake region. 
This partnership continued till March, 1S75, when President Grant appointed him judge 
of the United States district court for eastern Michigan, to fill vacancy caused by the 
death of Judge J. W. Longyear. 

This judgeship he held till December 23, 1890. Then he was appointed by President 
Harrison to the Supreme Court of the United States to fill vacancy caused by the death 
of Justice Miller, and the appointment was received with universal satisfaction. 

Justice Brown has always possessed judicial temperament in an eminent degree. He 
has a strong mind and a vigorous grasp of fundamental principles. At the same time he 
is painstaking and thorough in his investigations, and brings all the resources of ample 
learning and experience to his aid in reaching conclusions. To this combination of 
quality may perhaps be attributed the fact that the fifteen years he was judge of the 
I nited States district court for the eastern district of Michigan very few of his decisions 
were overturned, and he had before him for adjudication some of the most celebrated 
cases in the lake region. This is especially true of admiralty cases, of which a far 
larger number were tried before him than in any other United States court. 

Justice Brown has always been a republican, but has never mingled activeh- in 
politics. 

He was married in 1864 to Miss Caroline Pitts, the daughter of a wealthy lumberman 
of Detroit. They have no children. His wife is a member of the First Presbyterian 
Church, and the justice is an attendant upon its services. 



M fi.A^ouyd- 



22 






GEORGE SHIRAS, JR., 

Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States, 

Was born in Pittsburgh, Pennsj-lvania, in 1832 ; descends from a well-known 
pioneer family, and is a cousin of the late James G. Elaine. His father was 
a brewer, and owned a brewery at the Point. It is a landmark and still 
stands. In 1840 the elder Shiras retired from business, having amassed a 
comfortable fortune. He turned his attention to the education of his chil¬ 
dren. Early in life the future supreme court justice showed that he was 
possessed of an unusiral order of intellect. His mother was the daughter of 
Dr. Francis E. Herron, the first pastor of the First Pre.sbyterian Church. 

Mr. Shiras is a graduate of Yale, of the class of 1853, taking the Greek 
prize. He was a classmate of Chaunce}' M. Depew and President White, of 
Cornell. He returned to Pittsburgh and began to read law with Judge 
Hopewell Hepburn, of the district court. Judge Hepburn was considered 
one of the legal lights of his time. After becoming a member of the bar 
young Shiras went into partnership with Judge Hepburn for a few years. 

About i860 Mr. Shiras, who had acquired considerable prestige as a 
law3’er by that time, started out for himself. His career since has been an 
almost unbroken series of legal trinmphs. He has figured in dozens of cases 
that have been recorded as precedents. 

His practice has been along many lines, and he has frequently argued in 
the court to which he has been called. 

Mr. Shiras has been engaged in much important litigation. In the case 
of Hartupee vs. the city of Pittsburgh, Mr. Shiras represented the city. A 
late case in which Mr. Shiras was engaged was that of the Junction Railroad, 
in which the Supreme Court affirmed that railroad’s right to cross the tracks 
of the Allegheny Valley Railroad at Forty-third street. Mr. Shiras acted as 
counsel for the Monongahela Navigation Company in its case against the 
government which asked for the condemnation of lock No. 7. In the riot 
case of 1877, Gibson against Allegheny county, for indemnity on goods 
destroyed during the riot, Mr. Shiras was one of the counsel for the county. 

He was appointed to the Supreme Court of the United States by Presi¬ 
dent Harrison in 1892. 











HOWELL E. JACKSON, 

Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States, 

Was born at Paris, Heiuy county, Tennessee, April 8, 1832. He is the 
son of Dr. A. Jackson. 

He obtained his academic education in the vicinage of Jackson, IMad- 
ison county, and graduated from the West Tennessee College at Jackson, 
in 1849. ^ 

In 1850 he entered the University of \’irginia and completed the course 
there. He read law under A. W. O. Totten, then a member of the supreme 
court of Tennessee, and Judge Milton Brown. Next he attended the law 
school at Lebanon, Tennessee, in 1855, and graduated there in the summer 
of 1S56. 

He began the practice of law at Jackson and in 1858 removed to Mem- 
phi.s, V here he formed a partnership with David M. Currie, ex-member of 
congress. At the beginning of hostilities he was appointed receiver under 
the Confederate sequestration act for West Tennessee. After the war he 
returned to IMemphis and resumed the practice of law in partnership with 
Judge B. M. Estes and Judge Ellet. 

Judge Jack.son has been married twice; first, in 1859, to Miss Sophy 
Malloy, of Memphis, who died in 1873. His second wife is a daughter of 
Gen. W. G. Harding, of Nashville. 

Shortly after his second marriage Judge Jackson removed to his old home 
at Jackson and formed a law partnership with Gen. Alex. W. Campbell. 

He practiced until 1880, when he was elected to the legislature. He 
was elected United States senator by that body in 1881. 

April 12, 1886, Judge Jackson was nominated by President Cleve¬ 
land as circuit judge of the United States for the sixth judicial circuit. 

Mas appointed by Pre.sident Harrison, February 2, 1893, associate 
justice of the Supreme Court of the United States, to fill vacancy caused 
by the death of Jmstice L. Q. C. Lamar. 


24 







JOHN M. SCHOFIELD, 

Major-Qeneral, United States Army, 


Was boru in Chautauqua County, New York, September 29, 1S31 ; appointed cadet United States Military 
Academy from Illinois, Julj', 1849, and graduated in the same class with Philip H. Sheridan, James B. 
McPherson and John B. Hood, 1853. 

He was assigned to the ist Regiment of Artillery' and served in garrison in South Carolina and 
Florida in 1853-5, and as assistant professor of natural and experimental philosophy at the United States 
Military Academy in 1856-60. On leave of absence he Hlled the chair of professor of physics at Washing¬ 
ton University, St. Louis, Missouri, 1S60-1. 

.\t the opening of the civil war he entered the volunteer service as major of the ist Missouri Volun¬ 
teers, April 26, 1S61, and was appointed chief of staff to General Lyon, participating in the affairs at Dug 
Spring and Curran Postoffice, and battle of Wilson’s Creek, in which General Lyon was killed. He then 
engaged in reorganizing the istMis.souri Infantry Volunteers as an artillery regiment, during which time 
he hastilj' put upon the cars at St. Louis the men, gnus, horses and harness of a battery, and joined the 
union forces near Fredericktown, Missouri, organized and equipped the battery, and took part in the 
battle of Fredericktown, October 21, 1S61. On this day he was appointed brigadier-general of volunteers, 
and a few days later brigadier-general of Missouri state militia. Organized and commanded the 
Missouri state militia, and was a member of army and navy board to examine the condition and fitness 
of the Mississippi gun and mortar boat flotilla. Organized and commanded the Army of the Frontier 
in southwest Missouri and northwest Arkansas, forcing the Confederates south of the Arkansa.s river. 

Major-General United States Volunteers, November 29, 1862. In command of the 3d Division, 
14th Army Corps (Army of the Cumberland), April 20 to May 13, 1863. In command of the Depart¬ 
ment of the Missouri (ex-officio major-general, commanding Missouri State Militia), May 13, 1863, to Jan¬ 
uary 31, 1S64, during which time the forces under his command operated with success in Arkansas as far 
south as Little Rock, and cleared the state of Missouri of armed bands of partisans and guerillas. 

A.ssigued to and commanded the Department and Army of the Ohio, 1S64 to 1S65, forming the left 
wing of General Sherman’s army’, opposing Johnston, participating in all the operations, movementsaud 
battles of the Atlanta campaign, including the demonstrations on Buzzard’s Roost, battle of Resaca, 
battle of Dallas, movement against Lost Mountain, with numerous severe engagements ; action of Kulp’s 
farm, battle of Kenesaw Mountain, passage of Chattahoochee river, operations and battles in front of 

Atlanta, and siege of Atlanta. , , , a 

He was then sent with the 3d Corps to report to General Thomas at Nashville, and commanded 
the troops in the field opposed to the Confederate general. Hood, including the affairs at Columbia, 
Spring Hill, and the battle of Franklin, which resulted in the repulse of Hood, with a loss of 1,750 killed, 
7 800 wounded, and about 700 prisoners ; entire loss to the Union army was 2,300. This campaign was 
ended by the decisive victory gained by General Thomas near Nashville, in which General Schofield 
participated with the 23d Army Corps. In pursuit of the army under General Hood. Commissioned as 

brigadier-general. United States Army. 

January 1865 the Army of the Ohio, General Schofield commanding, was transported with all its 
material from’cliftou, Tennessee, to Washington, District Columbia, in fourteen days, and transferred to 


North Carolina by February 8, 1865. , • 

Breveted Major-General United States Army, March 13, 1865, for gallant and meritorious sen'ices m 

the battle of Franklin, Tennessee. 


Commanded the Department of North Carolina and Army of the Ohio, capturing Fort Anderson and 
^ on the Cane Fear River 4ind Kinston on the Neuse, forming a junction with General Sher- 

Uilmiugton, on t P surrender of the Confederate army, under Gen J. E. Johnston, at 

man at Carolina and entrusted with the execution of the military convention of 

Durham s Station North Caro • Carolina. On special mission to Europe, Novein- 

capitidation In commana o i p ^ Department of the Potomac, Richmond, Virginia, August 16, 

ber, 1865, to , j- Military District (state of Virginia), March 13, 1867, to June, 1868. 

Semeterv o'? War from June 2, 1S68, to March 14, 1869, being retained in Grant’s cabinet from March 4 to 
flaroW. P™-°tedMajor^Gener-JUnitedS^^^^^^^^ 

Mm>.“'Dw"”r .he •» M.nd., 

Of west Point, 1877. untU .^SS^’^^en he was ordered to ^ Um 

which was discontinued in 1881 Tlmn Genera . „ P gg jgg, when he succeeded Lieutenant- 

in command of the Military' Dwis'on of Reeved from the command of the 

General Sheridan in oomniand of the Duisiou o^ the M of the Atlantic and Department 




t 















OLIVER O. HOWARD, 


Major-General, United States Army. 

\yas born in I.cods, Maine, Xovenil.er S, ,830. b-ittccl for college in the common .schools and academies 
ol hi.s native .state, entered Hmvdoin College in Sentemher 1 i , 1 • „ academies 

■■^.ssistaiit Professor of Mathematics fiiited States Military Academv iRe-tin 

the colonelcy of the 3^! Maine Regiment. Commanded the tl Irigadf tt > T 
during convale,scence he engaged in raising volunteers in Maine ’ ' 

Ho.va" m;nr;;:rrf 

to major-general n.ited States volunteers and commanded the nUi Corn ”n"the a 

paigin spring of 1S6.. and in the renn.sylvania campaign of the following summer Chancellorsville cam- 

.attle «eld on the hrst day of the 

own during that day, and succeeded in retaining his hold „nn„ r f eneiiiy much larger than his 
as the true military position in which to fight the great battle selected 

field JiI;^:g;ra['Shf > ^eade when he reached the 

repeated assaults, what has sometimes been ternierthe'-*Klj‘l'o'' 

Congress gave him a uiianiiiioiis vote of thanks in recognition of his in ’ Cemetery Hill, 

played on the field of Gettysburg. ecognition of his military genius and gallantry dis- 

participated in the battle ofLookoiU v'aUey m°dlubsequent^^^ Ids command to the West, and 

and Lookout Mountain, He was promoteefto the comniand of the great battle of Missionary Ridge 

mendalfo" aud’^clllnMo assigned by the President, on the recom- 

1864, and fought the successful battle of Ezra Church^OeorgiT^the Tennessee July 27, 

rjiteJvsss 

paigus, terminating with the surrender of General JohiistoiPs ariiiv^ bavannah and Carolina caiii- 

coin ...ward that President pin- 

extremely difficnlt task oforganizhirthe Bureau Of Refif,^ 5 cv^ charge of thf new and 

12°^%=“^”^ °f the Pr^fdelt but'secrptn“ Abandoned Lands. He was 

12, 1S65, w^s following the suggestions of Lincoln 'vast becretary Stanton in detailing him, Mav 
bureau. Thomsands of starvinf whites and st?ll 11107 ^ of e.states came into chirge of tlds 

freedmen must be protected in their civil rights The labor ^ be fed ; some four millions of 

presented problems that were well'nfgh apfalHng.'^^^ disorganized state of soefety 

medical officers to rare fo^fhe^helpless oTd peopleln^ tlie^slck'^b'th®‘‘F'’'h Nothing and the 

eTcater nSorcftil'^eL^l^k "w^t^tLl"^ 

battles, so ^tasked '^verv°kcuIt/of“Glneral Hoiard^as°d'd'?hcampaigns and in great 
rvhole energy to the administration of these IffaTrs from Ma involv-ed. He gavl his 

Tears of his life. H-ot the merest outline of '^5. tdl the end of June, 1872, ieveu of 
Among the monuments of it that remain are the he accomplished can here be given 

establishing, such as Howard miversity, of Walliinrtrn D''c”‘T®in®e''l'‘^ universities that he assis^d in 
.bd 7,;,2' »■' -d-iL. .h= 

Platte.'illzTprmnotiS to mSor-|timra‘f UnVte^^^ « 188' : Department of the 

G„„, z.cb„y r.y,„,.- i,.. J~p»j ook. Jy. 



04U 




















NELSON A. MILES, 

Major=Qeneral United States Army, 

- he present coiuinander of the Divisiou of the Missouri, is a native of Massachusetts, and was horn at 
Westminster, in that state, Avigust 8, 1839. His ancestors were among our earlier settlers and explorers, 
and among the patriots who struggled for the freedom of our couutry in the Revolutionary war, and later 
in that of 1812. He received an academic education, and the early part of his life was engaged in mer¬ 
cantile pursuits in Boston. He inherited the spirit of a soldier, and at the first tap of the drum, in 1861, 
he hastened to raise a company of volunteers, devoting his own means to that end, and offered his ser¬ 
vices to his state. How well he performed his duty, and how worthy of advancement, his record shows. 

He entered the service at the age of twenty-one, and ser\'ed from the beginning of the Rebellion 
until its close in the volunteer service, rising from the rank of a subaltern to that of a major-general. He 
received four brevets for gallantry and distinguished service, and took part in many hard-fought battles 
of the war. He commanded the largest division of the Army of the Potomac, and at one time, at the age 
of twenty-six, was in command of 25,000 men. 

He was engaged in the battles of the Peninsula before Richmond, and at Autietam, and in every 
battle of the Army of the Potomac, with one exception, until the surrender of Lee at Appomattox Court 
House. He was distinguished in the battles of Fair Oaks, Malvern Hill, Fredericksburg, Chancellors- 
ville, Old Wilderness, Spottsylvania Court House, Ream’s Station, Richmond, Campaign of 1S64, and 
many other important battles of the war. He was thrice wounded, and at the battle of Chancellorsville 
was borne from the field with what was then supposed to be a mortal wound through the bod5'. 

At the close of the war he was commissioned colonel of the 40th United States Infantry, and was 
shortly afterward transferred to the 5th Infantry. His service since the war has been scarcely less distin¬ 
guished. His promotion has been very rapid. He was promoted brigadier-general in the regular estab¬ 
lishment in December, 1880, and major-general in April, 1S90. 

His services in the Indian couutry have been of inestimable value to the country, and the remarkable 
success of his campaigns has probably been unequaled in the history of Indian warfare. 

His command has been varied and extended over a great expanse of couutry. He has done much 
to open up for civilization vast sections of the great We.st, and has the confidence of the settler and the 
Indian alike for both respect his honesty and sincerity of purpose as well as admire his firmness and 
bravery. 

He defeated the Cheyennes, Kiowas and Comanches in the staked plains country, and in 1875 and 
1876 he subjugated the hostile Sioux and other Indians in Montana, driving Sitting Bull across the fron¬ 
tier and breaking up the bands that were led by him. Crazy Horse, Lame Deer, Spotted Eagle, Broad 
Trail, Hump and others. In December, 1877, after one of the most remarkable forced marches over a 
distance of over 160 miles, he captured Chief Joseph and his band of Nez Perces, after a hard-fought 
battle of four days in Northern Montana, and when he had nearly reached the British line, after having 
eluded all other troops that had pursued him from the Pacific coast. lu 1S78 he intercepted and captured 
Elk Horn and his band of red-handed murderers on the edge of Yellowstone Park. In 1886 he accom¬ 
plished what seemed a well-nigh almost impossible task of running down and bringing in Geronimo and 
Natchez and the band of Apaches that had made the entire Southwest uninhabitable, thus restoring 
peace and prosperity to Arizona. For his services up to this time he received the thanks of the Legisla¬ 
ture of Kansas, Montana and New Mexico, and was presented with a .sword of honor at Tuscou in 1887. 
But his last great service was the settling of the recent Indian troubles in South Dakota and saving the 
couutry from the bloodiest Indian war that it has ever known. By great tact and firmness, his thorough 
knowledge of the Indian character, and so disposing his troops as to effectually shut them off from the 
settlements, and cut off their supplies and escape, forced several thousand of the most warlike Indians 
on the face of the earth to return to their reservation and surrender, thoroughly protecting the settlers 
and saving a large amount of property. 

General Miles is now the third general officer in rank in the regular army, is .still a young man and 
in the full strength and vigor of manhood. 


27 








THE NEW BATTLE SHIP, “IOWA.” 

When finished it will he the finest and most complete battle ship in the United States navy. This picture was photographed from the drawings at the 

Navy Department at Washington. 

28 



























BANCROFT GHERARDI, 

Rear=Admiral, United States Navy, 

\\ as born in Louisiana, November lo, 1832. 

Appointed from Massachnsetts, June 29, 1846 ; attached to frigate 
Ohio, Pacific Squadron, 1846-50 ; steam sloop Saranac, Home Squadron, 
1850-1 ; Naval Academy, 1852. Promoted to passed midshipman, June 
8 , 1852 ; sloop St. Louis, Mediterranean Squadron, 1853-5. Promoted to 
master, 1855. Commissioned as lieutenant, September 16, 1855 ; sloop 
Saratoga, Home Squadron, 1856-8 ; rendezvous, Boston, 1859 ; steam .sloop 
Lancaster, Pacific Squadron, 1861-2. Commissioned as lieutenant-com¬ 
mander, July 16, 1862 ; South Atlantic Blockading Squadron, 1862 ; 
engagement with Fort Macon, 1862 ; steam sloop Mohican, special service, 
1863 ; commanding steam gunboat Chocura, Western Gulf Blockading 
Squadron, 1863-4 ; commanding .steamer Port Royal, Western Gulf Block¬ 
ading Squadron, 1864 ; battle of Mobile Bay, August 5, 1864 ; command¬ 
ing steamer Pequot, North Atlantic Blockading Squadron, 1864-5. 
commissioned as commander, Jul}^ 25, 1866 ; rendezvous, Philadelphia, 

1866-7 ; navigation duty, navy yard, Philadelphia, 1868-70 ; commanding 
Jamestown (third-rate). Pacific Fleet, 1871 ; commanding receiving-ship 
Independence, 1872-3. Commissioned as captain, November 9, 1874 ; 

commanding Pensacola, flagship North Pacific Station, 1875-6 ; command¬ 
ing receiving-ship Colorado, 1877-80 ; commanding United States Steam¬ 
ship Lancaster, flagship European Station, 1881-3 ; leave in Europe, 
1884. Promoted to Commodore, November, 1884 ; member of Examining- 
Board, 1884-5 ; governor Naval A.sylum, 1885-6. Promoted to rear- 
admiral, August, 1887 ; commanding navy yard. New York, 1887-9 ; 
commanding North Atlantic Station, 1889-90. 

The grade of admiral expired with the death of Admiral Porter. 
Bancroft Gherardi is now the senior rear-admiral. 


29 







GEORGE E. BELKNAP, 


Rear-Admiral, United States Navy, 


UvooVu^^^^^ seven ages, acquiring in the meantime the usual ele- 

^ t TT.' 'iiul more advanced branches of education at the district schools and the village academ>, 

,:; o^r' 4“8 M>=„ap .h, SI.... N.V.. Acdemy .. Au..,<,lU. M.^ Ldd, 

“ ‘ ”mS".o .h. N.V.1 R.p...r of .S 53 , »= «»4 W W' «* ™ “'“‘'’f" 

rears Other duties, seventeen years; unemployed, three years and ten months. He was attached, 
'1847-8’to the brig Porpoise on the coast of Africa; to the frigate Raritan, 1850-3. Pacific Squadron 
in Liith American waters and connected with the East India Squadron, 1S56-8, and m command of a 

launch at the capture and de.struction of the “Barrier ports,’’Canton river, China. _ 

During the civil war he was connected with the naval operations of the Heme Squadron in the 
Gulf, and the South Atlantic Blockading Squadron off the insurgent ports of entry, and con.spicuous in 

man’venga^rements with shore and harbor defenses, especially at Charleston. ^ 

' He heW a leading position in the attack and capture of Fort Fisher ; fired the last hostile shot at 
the defenses of Charleston and was present at its evacuation, 1864. In 

commander in recognition of his service during the war. He was in command of the Hartford, 

Asiatic Squadron, 1S67-S, and conducted an expedition against the Indians on the i.sland of Formosa 

In iS-3 he was detached from the South Pacific Squadron, where he was in command of the Steam¬ 
ship Tuscarora, and assigned with their vessel to special duty in making deep sea soundings b^ween the 
rnked States and Japan to determine the practicability of laying a submarine cable across the bed o 
the Pacific In this important work he achieved a world-wide distinction, not only as a seaman scientist 

and inventor but in the successful use of comparatively untried methods in determining the topography 

of the sea bottoms, character of its soil, true continental outline and depths hitherto unknown. 

Royal societies of Europe and scientific and geographical societies of America have made honorable 

mention of his name in connection with this undertaking. r tt -ion 

He was senior naval officer at Honolulu, 1874, when Kalakaua was elected King of the Hawaiian 
Islands, and landed forces from the Tuscarora and Portsmouth, to maintain public order until the new gov- 

eminent was firmly established. , • 

He was in command, 1881-2, of the United States Steamship Alaska, Pacific Station, South America, 
and performed most efficient sendees for his department and the country’ during the troubles between 

Td^nistrative ability has otherwise been exhibited as commandant of the Naval Obsen-atory 
at Washington ; as president of the Board of Examination in the matter of the United states Steamship 
Dolphin ; president of the Torpedo Board, and in various other positions assigned to him by the head of 

In Febmarv 1889, he was promoted to the rank of rear-admiral and then assigned by Secretary’ of 
the Na^•y Whitney to the command of the naval force on the Asiatic Station, headquarters at Yokohama, 

In the spring of 1S92, after three years of distinguished service in Asiatic waters, he was reheved of 
that command and returning to the United States was placed at the head of the Naval Board of Inspec¬ 
tion and Sur^-ey, making his headquarters at Boston, where he now is. 

The high rank attained by Admiral Belknap may be regarded as a personal achievement, aside 
from political favoritism, the prestige of family or the influence of wealth. 

He has earned even’ promotion to rank during his long career, by patient, conscientious and effi¬ 
cient service. His discernment regarding naval affairs is good, and he has won some distinction as a 

""^''^\dmiral Belknap stands accredited as Fellow of the American Geographical Society of New York 
for the advancement of science ; member of the New England Historical and Genealogical Society, Bo.s- 
ton • member of the New Hampshire Historical Society, Concord ; Companion First Class, Military Order 
Loval Legion, United States; Knight Commander Royal Order of Kamehameha First of Hawaiian 
Kingdom ; was tendered a fellowship in the Royal Society of London in 1879, but declined the honor. 


33 










DAVID B. HARMONY, 

Rear=Admiral, United States Navy. 

Was born in Pennsylvania. 

Appointed from same state, April 7, 1847 ; attached to frigate Brandy¬ 
wine, Brazil Squadron, 1847 ; frigate Ohio, Pacific Squadron, 1847-8 ; sloop 
\\ arren. Pacific Squadron, 1849-50 ; sloop Falmouth, Pacific Squadron, 
1851-2 ; Naval Academy, 1853. Promoted to pa.ssed midshipman, June 10, 
1853 ; store-ship Relief, 1854. Promoted to ma.ster, 1855. Commi.ssioned 
as lieutenant, September 16, 1855 ; receiving-.ship Baltimore, 1856-7 ; sloop 
Decatur, Pacific Squadron, 1858-60 ; steam sloop Iroquois, We.stern Gulf 
Blockading Squadron, 1861-2 ; bombardment and passage of Forts Jackson 
and St. Phillip, Chalmette batteries, and capture of New Orleans ; capture 
of Grand Gulf (both engagements with batteries at Vicksburg) ; engage¬ 
ments with rebel ram Arkansas. Commissioned as lieutenant-commander, 
July 16, 1862 ; ironclad Nahant, South Atlantic Blockading Squadron, 
1862-3 ; attack on defenses of Charleston, April 7, 1863 ; capture of rebel ram 
Atlanta, June 17, 1863 ; bombardment of Morris Island batteries, from July 
10 to August I, 1863 ; commanding steam gunboat Tahoma, East Gulf 
Blockading Squadron, 1864 ; commanding steam gunboat Sebego, West Gulf 
Blockading Squadron, 1864-5 ; capture of Mobile. Commissioned as com¬ 
mander, July 25, 1866; commanding steamer Frolic, European Squadron, 
1867-9 ; inspector of supplies, na\y yard, New York, 1869-71 ; commanding 
Kearsarge (second rate), Asiatic Station, 1873-4 ; commanding flagship Hart¬ 
ford, Asiatic Station, 1874-5. Commissioned as captain, Februar)- 4, 1875 ; 
commanding Plymouth, North Atlantic Station, 1877-9 ! commanding Ten¬ 
nessee, 1879-80 ; commanding receiving-ship Colorado, 1881-3 ! niember of 
Examining Board, 1884-5 ; chief of Bureau of Yards and Docks, 1885-9. 
Promoted to commodore, September, 1885 ; chairman of Eight House Board, 
1889-90. Promoted to rear-admiral, March, 1890. 

Rear-Admiral Harmony at this writing is in command of the Asiatic 
Station, and owing to the great distance it was impossible to get his photo¬ 
graph for this publication. 


A. E. K. BENHAM, 

Rear=Admiral, United States Navy, 

Born in New York, 1832. 

Appointed from New York, November 24, 1847 ; attached to sloop Ply¬ 
mouth, East India Squadron, 1847-8 ; brig Dolphin, East India Squadron, 
1849-50 ; sloop Plymouth, 1850-1 ; steam frigate Saranac, Home Squadron, 
1851-2 ; Naval Academy, 1853. Promoted to passed midshipman, June 10, 
1853 ; sloop St. Mary’s, Pacific Squadron, 1853-7. Commis.sioned as lieu¬ 
tenant, September 16, 1855 ; coast surve}', 1857-8 ; steamer Westernport, 
Brazil Squadron and Paraguay Expedition, 1858-9 ; steamer Crusader, Home 
Squadron, 1860-1 ; .steamer Bienville, South Atlantic Blockading Squadron, 
1861-2 ; battle of Port Royal, 1861 ; steamship Sacramento, 1863. Commis¬ 
sioned as lieutenant-commander, July 16, 1862 ; commanding steam gunboat 
PenoEscot, Western Gulf Blockading vSquadron, 1863-5 ; temporary- duty, 
navy yard. New York, 1866 ; steamer Susquehanna, .special ser\fice, 1867. 
Commissioned as commander, June 9, 1867 ; navy- ymrd. New York, 1868-9 ; 
lighthouse inspector, 1870-1 ; commanding Canonicus (iron-clad). North 
Atlantic Station, 1871-2 ; commanding Sangus (iron-clad). North Atlantic 
Station, 1872-3 ; lighthouse inspector, 1874-8. Commissioned as captain, 
March 12, 1875 ; commanding Richmond Asiatic Station, 1878-81 ; navy- 
yard, Portsmouth, New Hampshire, 1882-4 ; lighthouse inspector, 1885-6. 
Promoted to commodore, October, 1885 ; president of board. League 
Island, 1888 ; commanding navy- y-ard, Mare Island, 1889-90. Promoted to 
Rear-Admiral, February-, 1890. 

Rear-Admiral Benham having been at sea for several months on the 
Newark, made it impossible to obtain his photograph ; at the time of going 
to press he was at the Canary- Islands. 


JOHN IRWIN, 

Rear=Admiral, United States Navy, 

Was born in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, April 15, 1832, and is the eldest sou of Hon. Wil¬ 
liam Wallace Irwin, who represented the Pittsburgh district in congress from 1841 to 1843, 
and was United States Minister to Denmark from 1S43 to 1847, whither he was accom¬ 
panied by his son, the subject of this sketch, then a lad of eleven years of age. 

He completed his school days at the Ro3-al Danish school, at Copenhagen, return¬ 
ing home in time to accept an appointment as midshipman in the navy on September 
9, 1847, commencing on that date his naval career, for which he had earH displaced 
great inclination and aptitude. Returning home in time to report to the Naval Academy 
on October i, 1852. 

Graduated from the Naval Academy on June 10, 1S53. Was warranted passed mid¬ 
shipman and ordered on the same date to the United States Steamship Fulton as a 
watch officer, and was in October, 1S56, ordered to the coast survey steamer Walker, 
making a winter's cruise in her, surveying and deep sea sounding. 

Was transferred in June, 1857, to the steamer Arctic, engaged in surv'eying and sound¬ 
ing for the first Atlantic telegraph cable ; sloop Savannah, Home Squadron, 1859-60 ; steam 
frigate Wabash, flagship South Atlantic Blockading Squadron, 1S61-3 ; capture of forts 
at Hatteras Inlet; capture of Forts Walker and Beauregard ; in charge of boat howitzers 
ashore at battle of Port Royal Ferry, January i, 1S62 ; bombardment and capture of 
Fort Pulaski. Commissioned as lieutenant-commander, July 16, 1862 ; ordnance duty, 
Philadelphia, 1864; Western Gulf Blockading Squadron, 1S64-5 ; special duty, Philadel¬ 
phia, 1866-7. Commissioned as commander, July 25, 1866; commanding steamer 
Newbern, North Atlantic Squadron, 1S68 ; commanding steamer Gettysburg, North 
Atlantic Squadron, 1868-70; commanding Yantic (fourth rate). North Atlantic Fleet, 
1871 ; League Island Station, 1872 ; commanding receiving-ship Sabine, 1873-5. Com¬ 
missioned as captain. May 15, 1875 ; commanding Pensacola flagship. Pacific station, 
1S75-9; Navy Yard, Mare Island, 1879-83 ; special duty, 1884; president of Board of 
Inspection, California, 1884-8. Promoted to commodore March 4, 1SS6. Was promoted 
rear-admiral IMay 19, 1891, and relieved Rear-Admiral Beiiham as commandant of the 
Mare Island Navy Yard on June 8, 1891, which command he has administered with 
marked ability and success and to the best interests of the service and the government 
and which he retains at the present time. 

In all Rear-Admiral Irwin’s long and varied service he has shown the highest 
executive ability and devotion to the interests of the government and the honor of his 
flag. 

Representing the best traditions and standards of former times, he has kept thor¬ 
oughly in touch with all the changes in modern naval construction and ordnance and 
the organization of vessels of war in our own and foreign navies, and is today a typical 
naval officer readv to undertake and fully equal to the highest requirements of the ser¬ 
vice, afloat or ashore. Cool and firm in the presence of danger, fertile in expedients in 
emergencies and always upholding the discipline of the service to which he has devoted 
his life, his uniform courtesy and consideration for the feelings and welfare of those 
under his command have w'on for him the confidence and esteem of all who have ever 
sen-ed with him. 

Rear-Admiral Irwin will, by the operation of the laws governing the navy, retire 
from active service on April 15, 1894, and will take with him into his honorable and 
well-earned retirement the esteem and affection of his comrades of the service. 


32 











JAMES A. GREER, 

Rear=Admiral, United States Navy, 


Was born in Ohio, February 28, 1833. Appointed from Ohio, January 10, 184S ; sloop 
Saratoga, Home Squadron, 1848-9 ; steamer Saranac, Home Squadron, 1850 ; sloop 
St. Mary’s, Pacific Squadron, 1S50-2 ; frigate Columbia, Home Squadron, 1853 ; Naval 
Academy, 1853-4. Promoted to passed midshipman, June 15 1854 ; razee Independence, 
Pacific Squadron, 1854-7. Promoted to master, September 15, 1855. Commissioned as 
lieutenant, September 16, 1855 ; navy yard, Norfolk, 1858 ; steamer Southern Star, Para¬ 
guay Expedition, 1858-9 ; steamer Sumter, coast of Africa, 1859-61 ; steamer San Jacinto, 
coast of Africa, 1861 ; assisted in the removal of Mason and Slidell from the English 
steamer Trent. Commissioned as lieutenant-commander, July 16, 1862 ; sloop St. Louis, 
special service, 1862-3 ; Mississippi Squadron, 1863-5 1 commanded ironclads Carondelet 
and Benton, and a division of Admiral Porter’s Squadron ; passage of Vicksburg, April 
16, 1863 ; fought the batteries of Grand Gulf for five hours, April 29, 1863. An incident 
of this action w'as the killing and wounding of twenty-two persons on board the Benton 
by one projectile ; Red River Expedition, May, 1863 ; was engaged in the combined attack 
on Vicksburg, May 22, 1863 ; was almost constantly under fire during the forty-five days 
of the siege of Vicksburg ; Red River Expedition, March and April, 1864 ; frequently 
engaged with small bodies of Confederate troops and guerillas ; August and September, 
1864, employed in correcting abuses w’hich existed at naval recruiting station, Cincinnati, 
Ohio ; had command of naval station. Mound City, Illinois, October and November, 
1864 ; commanded the flagship Black Hawk until February, 1865 ; was employed under 
direction of Admiral Lee in selecting, purchasing and contracting for the conversion into 
gunboats of ten river steamers ; had charge of convoying army transports from Johnson- 
ville up the Tennessee River, February, 1865 ; Naval Academy, 1865-6. Commissioned 
as commander, July 25, 1866; commanding steamer Mohongo, North Pacific Squadron, 
1866-7 ; remained four mouths at Acapulco, Mexico, to protect American interests which 
were endangered 011 account of the downfall of the Mexican Imperial Government; was 
commended by the State Department for course pursued ; commanding steamer Tusca- 
rora. North Pacific Squadron, 1868 ; ordnance duty, Philadelphia Navy Yard, 1868-9. 
Naval Academy, March, 1869, until July, 1873 ; in 1873 commanded purchased steamer 
Tigress on the Polaris Relief Expedition ; August ii, one month and four hours after 
sailing from New York, found the wreck of the Polaris at Littleton Island, North Green¬ 
land, latitude 78° 23^ north ; ascertained that the crew had departed for the South in 
boats ; in the hope of meeting the Scotch whalers cruised without success in Baffin’s Bay 
and Davis Strait until October 8, when, the season being so far advanced, it was deemed 
expedient to return to the United States; Board of Inspection, 1874-5; commanding 
steamer Lackawanna, Pacific Station, 1875-7 ; commissioned as captain, April 26, 1876; 
commanding training frigate Constitution, 1877 ; commanding sloop Constellation, 1878 ; 
employed in taking exhibits to Havre, France, for Paris Exposition ; commanding 
steamer Hartford, South Atlantic Station, 1879 ; Board of Inspection, 1880-2 ; navy yard, 
Washington, 1882-4 ; president of Naval Examining and Retiring Board, 1885-7. Com¬ 
missioned as commodore. May 19, 1886. Appointed acting rear-admiral, August 24, 1887 ; 
commanding European Station, 1887-9 1 president of Board on Organization, Tactics and 
Drills, 1889 ; 1890, on duty as president of the Examining and Retiring Boards. 

Promoted to rear-admiral, April 3, 1892. 




33 





ALABAMA STATE CAPITOL AT MONTGOMERY. 


Erected in 1850. 


On the front porch of this huilding' is where Jefferson Davis was inaugurated President of the Confederate States. 


34 







































THOMAS G. JONES, 

Governor of Alabama, 

Was borti iu Macon, Georgia, November 26, 1S44. After passing out from under the liand of a prir’ate 
tutor he practically completed his education iu Virginia, attending the school of Dr. Charles Minor, near 
Charlottesville, and of Dr. Gesiier Harrison, near Greenwood, and at the outbreak of the war he was a 
cadet at the Virginia Military Institute. The first year of the war he was drillmaster, and iu the second 
year participated in Jack.son's campaign in the Valley of Virginia against Banks. He then joined a 
company of partisan rangers which was attached to Van Dorn’s command in Tennessee. 

In 1863 was appointed aid-de-camp to Brigadier-General John B. Gordon, of Georgia, then com¬ 
manding a brigade in Earlj’’s Division, Ewell's Corps Army of Northern Virginia, but subsequently was 
made division and corps commander. 

Mr. Jones was promoted for gallantry at the battle of Bristol Station, Virginia, October 13, 1863, and 
received the thanks of Gen. Robert E. Dee for gallantry in carrying the order for withdrawal of Confed¬ 
erate troops from Hare's Hill, or Fort Steadman (as it is sometimes called), after the failure of the Con¬ 
federate attack on General Grant’s lines, March 25, 1S65. 

He took part iu nearly all the prominent operations of his corps, and was in the last fight at Appo¬ 
mattox, W'here he surrendered. 

While in winter quarters during the war he devoted his leisure time to reading law, and after the 
war completed his studies under the direction of Col. John A. Elmore, of Montgomerj', and the late Chief 
Justice A. J. Walker, of the Alabama Supreme Court. 

The year 1866 was quite eventful with Mr. Jones, as during that year he was admitted to the bar and 
married Miss Georgena C. Bird, of Montgomery, Alabama, and in 1S67 was admitted to practice in the 
.Supreme Court. 

In 1S68 he edited the Daily Picayune, a democratic paper published in Montgomery. 

In 1874 Mr. Jones was memorial orator on Confederate Memorial Day at Montgomery, Alabama, 
and while not abating one jot of conviction, that under the circumstances the South had the right and 
duty to take up arms, he argued that the Northern people were equally conscientious in their attitude, 
and that it was wisdom and patriotism to go forward in the lines of mutual toleration and respect to work 
out onr destiny as citizens of a common and glorious country. The press of the country, both North and 
South, were pleased to term the address as both statesmanlike and eloquent, and at the time it attracted 
widespread attention. 

In consequence of this speech the Federal soldiers in a gathering at Marietta, Ohio, in 1S76, pre¬ 
sented him with a gold medal, and his speech there was favorably received. 

He was alderman of Montgomery, Alabama, from 1S75 to 1884, and reporter of the decisions of the 
Supreme Court of Alabama from 1870 to 18S0. Representative from Montgomery county in the lower 
house of the General Assembly iu 1884. Reelected iu 1S86, and was then elected speaker of the House. 

Was colonel of the 2d Regiment Alabama State Troops from 1S80 until 1890. 

Mr. Jones has always been very earne.st iu his efforts to uphold the morals of the legal profession, 
and was the author of the Code of Ethics adopted by the Alabama State Bar Association, and has written 
several fugitive pieces about the war, such as an account of the “ Famous Apple Tree at Appomattox,” 
and a lecture on The East Niue Days of the War in Virginia.” 

In 1890 he was nominated by the democratic party for governor, and iu the campaign he was cen¬ 
tered upon by the opponents of the Alliance ideas of government. He was one of the first men in the 
state upon the stump to oppose the ” snb-treasnry scheme,” the “ land loan bill,” etc., and in a speech to 
a hostile audience at Dadeville, Alabama, he said : “ I prefer your respect to your votes,” and this state¬ 
ment alone made him many friends. 

He was overwhelmingly renominated for governor in the democratic convention of 1892, and was 
reelected. 

While colonel of the 25th Regiment, Alabama State Troops, he commanded the force sent to the aid 
of the civil authorities in the riots at Huston Fountain, Opelika, Sandy Ridge, the Posey Riot, and in the 
Hawes Riot at Birmingham. Each time he succeeded in keeping peace without bloodshed. 

He is the author of the Alabama statute regulating the employment of the military in the enforce¬ 
ment of the laws, which is deemed a most complete and good law on the subject. 


■t.s 






ALASKA TERRITORIAL CAPITOL AND CUSTOM HOUSE AT SITKA. 


Also contains the offices of 
rear on the hill is known as 


f the Governor, Clerk of the United States Court, Collector and Deputy Collector; remodeled and repaired 1S92 The s uare buildino- in tl 
- “Baranoff Castle” or “Russian Governor's House," occupied by the United States Commissioner as a courtrooni,'' offic'rind ^efficfence^ 





















LYMAN E. KNAPP, 

Governor of Alaska, 


Was born in Somerset, Vermont, November 5, 1S37, the fifth of nine sons and daughters 
of Hiram Knapp and Elvira Stearns. 

He was prepared for college at Burr Seminary, Manchester, Vermont, and graduated 
at Middlebury College, Vermont, with honors, in 1862. He enlisted as a private soldier 
in the volunteer service of the United States directly after graduation, but was made 
captain of Company I, i6th Vermont Volunteers, before taking the field. At the expira¬ 
tion of his term of service, July 28, 1S63, he reenlisted as captain of Company F, 17th 
Vermont Volunteers, and after service for some months as recruiting officer he went to 
the front, his regiment being assigned to the 9th Corps, Army of the Potomac. 

In this regiment he served until the close of the war, and was successively promoted 
major and lieutenant-colonel, and was in command of the regiment in several important 
battles. 

He received wounds in the battles of Gettysburg, Spottsylvania Courthouse and at 
the taking of Petersburg!!. None of the wounds were severe. He was breveted for 
gallantry in action at Petersburg!!. 

He became editor and publisher of the Middlebury Register, in October, 1865, 
retiring from the paper in 1878. 

Was adn!itted to the practice of law at the Vermont bar in 1876, and continued 
in practice until he left the state to accept the position of Governor of Alaska, in 1889. 
He held the register of probate about five years previous to 1889, when he became judge 
of the probate and insolvency courts of his district and was successively reelected to this 
office for ten years. He also acted as trustee for a number of trust estates, and managed 
a real estate and loan business for many years. 

In politics he is republican and was six years chairman of his county republican 
committee, and was always an earnest supporter of the party principle. He served as 
one of the clerks of the Vermont House of Representatives during 1872 and 1873. Was a 
prominent member of the same house in 1886 and 1887, serving on two important com¬ 
mittees, the judiciar3'and corporations, and was chairman of the latter. He served as 
trial justice of the peace in his county for twent\' }'ears, town clerk six j'ears, tax 
assessor, etc. 

He was treasurer of the Addison county grammar school, chairman of the Congre¬ 
gational Religious Society’s business committee, member of the school board, chairman 
of the executive committee of the County Temperance Society, vice-president of the 
State Temperance vSociety and vice-president of the Western Vermont Congregational 
Club. 

In college he belonged to the Delta Upsilon fraternity; after graduation belonged to 
the Phi Beta Kappa and was at one time its president ; is a member of the Middlebury 
Historical Society, of the Oneida Historical Society, of the National Geographic Society, 
president of the Alaska Historical Society, a men!ber of the American Institute of Civics, 
and is corresponding member of several other societies. 

He united with the Congregational church at the age of fifteen and is still a devoted 
adherent of that faith. He was always prominent in the affairs of the church and active 
in its work. 

He is a member of the Grand Army of the Republic and has been several times 
commander of his post. He has frequently given addresses on Memorial Daj', P'ourth of 
July, at church conferences, temperance n!eetings, and at educational and political 
gatherings. He has also been an occasional contributor to law and literary magazines. 

On April 12, 1889, he was appointed by President Harrison Governor of Alaska, and 
was sworn into office April 20, 1889. 













« 



ARIZONA TEMPORARY CAPITOL AT PHCENIX. 

Erected by the city of PhcEiiix as a city hall and leased by the Territory. 

38 




































NATHAN O. MURPHY, 


Governor of Arizona, 

Was born in Lincoln county, Maine, in 1S49. ^ liberal high school 

education. Taught school in Wisconsin before he had attained his niajorit}-, 
but soon after becoming of'age, possessing an adventiirons spirit, he followed 
“ the course of Empire,” and is essentially a western man, having lived for 
more than twenty-two years west of the Mississippi River. Governor 
Murphy came to Pre.scott, Arizona, in the spring of 1883, and engaged 
with his brother, Mr. Frank Murphy, in the business of mining and real 
estate. He has taken an active interest and foremost part in territorial 
affairs ever since he has been in the territory-, nearly ten years ago, and is 
closely identified with her progress. He has proven himself able and 
consistent in the school of politics, and successful in official life. He is 
a fine judge of human nature, and is exceedingly popular with the 
ma.sses. He was appointed Secretary of Arizona, March 21, 1889, and 
Governor, May ii, 1892. During his incumbency of the office of secre¬ 
tary he was more than three-quarters of the time governor dc fado. 
Governor Murphy has always been conspicuous for promoting enterprises 
for territorial progress, and his force of character and persistency of pur¬ 
pose, combined with his ability, experience and self-education, places him 
in the front rank of Arizona’s most prominent men. It is needless to say 
that he is a republican in politics of the most stalwart stripe. 




.•^9 












ARKANSAS vSTATE CAPITOL AT LITTLE ROCK. 


Erected in 1S36-1S40. Addition bnilt on in 1880. 


40 




























WILLIAM M. FISHBACK, 

Governor of Arkansas, 

Was born m Jefferson, Culpeper county, Virginia, November 5, 1831. Was educated at 
the University of Virginia. Read law in Richmond, Virginia, and emigrated to Fort 
Smith, Arkansas, in 185S, where he now lives. On a visit to Illinois in 1S58 he became 
acquainted with Abraham IJncoln, who took a fancy to him and employed him to go 
over the state of Illinois on legal business for his firm. This was Mr. Fishback’s first 
legal business. 

After he had located in Arkansas Mr. Lincoln wrote him, offering to put other busi¬ 
ness in his hands if he would return to Illinois, but he preferred the climate of Arkansas. 

In 1861 he was elected from the county of Sebastian as an Union man to the conven¬ 
tion which seceded from the state. Although he was such a pronounced Union man 
that the secession press of Arkansas denounced him as abolitionist, etc., he W'as opposed 
to the policy of coercion because he thought it would provoke civil war. He favored the 
Crittenden Compromise. 

When Mr. Lincoln called for troops to coerce South Carolina, his constituents 
instructed him to vote for secession in the hope that when the North saw all the southern 
states go out it might force them into accepting the Crittenden Compromise. 

When all efforts at compromise failed, and war came on, he went north, and when 
the Federal troops occupied Little Rock in 1S63, he established a newspaper there called 
the Unconditional Union. While editing that paper he was raising the 4th Arkansas 
Cavalry for the Federal service, and commanded the regiment. But when it had about 
nine hundred men he was elected to the United States Senate by the Union Legislature 
so that he was never mustered into service. ’ 

The state had been reorganized under a proclamation of President Lincoln 
Mr. Fishback had so much influence with the convention he was called upon to write 
most of the Constitution of 1864, sometimes called the “ Fishback Constitution.” He was 
advised that if the word white were not stricken out as a prerequisite to voting, the state 
would not be received, and that he would not get his seat in the senate to which it was 
known he would be elected. But he did not believe it would be safe to confer the suf¬ 
frage upon such a large mass of ignorance, and refused to strike it out. 

His was the first case coming up from the South of an effort to restore representation 
in congress. Mr. Lincoln’s cabinet recognized the senators, but other leaders of the 
party in power, headed by Sumner and Wade, took the ground that the state had run 
down like a watch, and could only be wound up by some extraneous power, and that 
power was congress, and that no southern states should be wound up unless with neo-ro 
suffrage. He was, therefore, not seated. 

In 1865 he was appointed treasury agent for Arkansas, but refused to accept until 
told that in accepting he could save the people of South Arkansas many millions of 
money. His conduct of that office added largely to his popularity. 

In 1874 he was elected to the constitutional convention which framed the present 
constitution. In 1876, 1878 and 1884 he was elected to the legislature. 

He is the author of what is known as the “Fishback Amendment” to the constitu¬ 
tion of Arkansas, by which the legislature is forbidden ever to pay certain fraudulent 
bonds of the state issued during reconstruction. 

During the summer of 1892 he made no canvass for the nomination for governor, 
while his opponents did. But the people took his case up and he received 540 votes out 
of 628 in the democratic convention. His plurality at the polls was larger than any 
other governor has received since reconstruction times. 

Immediately after his election he was nrged by the national democratic committee 
to go north and make speeches in the East and in Indiana, and accordingly made a 
number of speeches in New York and Indiana. He has been congratulated by many 
friends in these states upon the work he did in that campaign. 




41 






CALIFORNIA vSTATE CAPITOL AT SACRAMENTO. 

Corner stone laid IMay 15, 1S61. Completed, November, 1869. 


42 




























HENRY H. MARKHAIVI. 

Governor of California, 

Was born in Wilmington, Essex comity, New York, on November i6, 1840, and received 
his education at the public and private schools of his native town, and at Wheeler’s 
Academy, \ ermont ; he performed all the manual labor incident to a farm hand of that 
day, and became proficient in every branch of farming as it was then conducted ; he 
removed to the state of Wisconsin in 1861, and entered the army from that state ; was with 
General Sherman on his famous march to the sea, and was severely wounded at the 
battle of Whippy Swamp, in South Carolina, on February 3, 1865, from which wound he 
never fully recovered ; at the close of the war he returned to Wisconsin and studied law 
with the noted firm of Waldo, Ody & Van, of Milwaukee ; he w^as admitted to the circuit 
and supreme courts of that state, to the United States district and circuit courts for the 
district of Wisconsin, and afterward to the Supreme Court of the United States ; he paid 
special attention to admiralt}- practice, and his firm is said to have the largest admiralty 
practice in the West. He pursued the practice of his profession in the city of Milwaukee 
until the fall of 1S78, when, owing to the loss of health and continued suffering from his 
wound, he was compelled to give up his practice; he removed with his family to 
Pasadena, Los Angeles county, California, where he has since continued to reside ; he 
was successfully engaged in quartz mining, of both gold and silver, in California, until 
the summer of 1884, when he was nominated by the republican party for congress in the 
Sixth Congressional District, and elected ; he served during the F'orty-ninth Congress, 
securing the passage of many important measures for the benefit of his district, and 
especially for Los Angeles county ; among them were the establishing of a United States 
court in the southern part of California, and he obtained through congress the first 
appropriation ever had in that section of the country for public buildings ; he W'as also 
instrumental in securing several much needed appropriations for the various harbors of the 
coast of California. Through his influence one of the national soldiers’ homes of the 
L'nited States was located at Santa Monica, in Los Angeles county. He was elected by 
congress as a director of these homes and devoted a great deal of time to the manage¬ 
ment of all of them, taking individual charge of the one at Santa Monica ; although this 
service was performed without compensation, it w'as a w'ork in wdiich he took a deep and 
active interest. He also succeeded in having established at Los Angeles the headquar¬ 
ters of the Army of Arizona, which is of a great benefit to that country, and which is 
still located there, notwithstanding the strenuous efforts to remove it. His health not 
permitting, he was compelled to refuse a renomination for congress wdiich was so flatter¬ 
ingly tendered him by his entire constituency. 

As a business man Governor Markham has been successful in all his undertakings, 
and is now interested in several important business enterprises ; he w'as nominated by 
his party and elected governor of the state in 1890, for a term of four years. 




43 





COLORADO STATE CAPITOL AT DENVER. 

Corner stone laid in 1883. Not completed yet. This picture was photographed from architectural drawings. 


44 


































DAVIS H. WAITE, 

Governor of Colorado 

(thh OLDKST governor in The united states), 

Was born in Jamestown, New York, April 9, 1825. 

When a young man he began the study of law in the office of his father and brother, 
but his health failed and he was advised to go West, which he did in 1S50, and settled 
m W isconsin, where he resided nine years, first locating in Fond du Lac, but the next 
year (1851) he removed to Princeton, Marcpiette county, now Green Lake county, and 
was engaged 111 merchandising. Was a member of the Wisconsin state legislature 
elected on the Fremont ticket in 1856. 

In 1S57 he moved from Wisconsin to St. Louis and then to Houston, Texas county, 
Missouri. While in Missouri he was engaged in teaching a high school, but at the out¬ 
break of the civil war the prejudice against northern men and his supposed abolition 
sentiments made it necessary for him to leave that locality. 

He went first to Warren, Pennsylvania, early in 1861, and in 1862 to his old home 
in Jamestown, New \ ork. After nioving to Jamestown was admitted to the bar, and he 
became the editor and part proprietor of the Chautauqua Democrat, a republican paper, 
and afterward the proprietor of the Jamestown daily and weekly 

sold out his business and removed to Lamed, Kansas, wdiere, 
though he remained but three years and a half, he was elected to the legislature of 1879 
on the republican ticket, and cast the deciding ballot which elected John J. Ingalls 
L lilted States senator in 1S79. While at Lamed he lost all of his property ranching 
He then resumed the practice of law. 

The same year Mr. Waite removed to Leadville, Colorado, where he practiced law, 
and thence, in 1S81, to Aspen, Colorado, where he has since resided and continued his 
law practice and the publication of the Union Era, a reform paper. 

He was nominated for governor on the people’s party ticket July 27, 1S92 ; commenced 
a campaign of the state Au^st i and continued in the field till the day of election. 

The state w^as revolutionized from a republican state b}^ 15,000 majority, giving 
Weaver electors 15,000 majority and populist state ticket 5,000. 

The free coinage democrats of Colorado endorsed the populist electoral and state 
tickets. The white wings democrats endorsed the Weaver electors, but nominated a 
democratic state ticket headed by J. H. Maupin, of Canon City. That ticket received 
aSont 9,000 votes. 

Governor Waite for many years has been engaged in the stud}' of economic 
questions. 

He makes no pretensions to oratory, indulges in no personal abuse, meets every 
issue squarely and endeavors to make every statement truthful. He is an easy and 
fluent speaker, and his evident sincerity and fairness made his campaign peculiarly 
effective. 

The universal sentiments of the people of Colorado, irrespective of party, in favor of 
free coinage of silver, was an element in the campaign which Governor Waite availed 
himself of to the fullest extent. 

He rarely made a campaign speech in which he did not secure for the populist 
party from ten to scores of converts. 

He was most ably assisted by other and most eloquent speakers, notably Thomas 
M. Patterson, of Denver, and Judge Bell and Lafe Pence, the two nominees for congress 
on the populist ticket. 

Mr. Waite voted in 1848 for Van Buren, free soil; 1852, Franklin Pierce for Presi¬ 
dent, democrat; 1856, indorsed John C. Fremont, but was in New York city on election 
day and lost his vote ; i860, voted for Stephen A. Douglas, at Houston, Missouri (no 
Lincoln ticket in the field); 1S64, voted for Abraham Lincoln ; 1868 and 1872, voted for 
U. S. Grant; 1876, lost his vote by not being in state of Kansas one year ; in i88o, voted 
for James A. Garfield ; 1884, voted for Janies G. Blaine ; 18S8, voted for Benjamin Harri¬ 
son, and in 1892 supported James B, Weaver and was elected governor of Colorado. 


45 











'I 


1 ^ 



CONNECTICUT STATE CAPITOL AT HARTFORD. 


Corner stone laid in 1S72. Completed in 18S0. 




46 























LUZON B. MORRIS, 

Governor of Connecticut, 

Was born in Newton, Connecticut, April i6, 1827 and received a collegiate 
education at Yale, being a member of the class of 1854. Yonng Morris did 
not have sufficient means to defray his expenses through college, and he 
fully realized that he could never obtain the education he desired unless he 
put his shoulder to the wheel,” which he did and worked at the black¬ 
smith s forge in Roxburj’ and in an edge tool factory at Sevmour, earning 
the means to defray his expenses through college. 

He was elected a member of the legislature from the town of vSeymour 
within a year of his graduation from Yale. 

He was returned to the legislature from that town in 1856, and repre.sented 
New Haven in the same body in 1870. 

In 1874 he was a member of the .state senate from the old Fourth District, 
and in 1876 again repre.sented New Haven in the House, as he has since for 
one or two sessions. 

He was the candidate for the democratic party for governor in 1888 and 
1890, receiving at each succeeding election a large plurality of the votes cast, 
and by the face of the returns a majority in 1890. But his inauguration in 
regular form was defeated by the republicans on technicalities at the opening 
of the legislative session following, Januar}', 1891. 

In 1892 his party again placed him before the people for governor, and he 
was elected by over 6,000 pluralit}', and by a majorit}' over all other candi¬ 
dates of about 1,100. The constitution of Connecticut requiring a majority 
over all for an election by the people. 

Judge Morris is a distinguished member of the New Haven county bar. 
He has been elected six times judge of probate court for New Haven dis¬ 
trict, and was appointed by the legislature of Connecticut chairman of the 
commission to revise the probate laws of Connecticut. He is president of 
the Connecticut Savings Bank of New Haven. 

His personal character and honorable record entitle him to the high 
esteem with wdiich he is regarded by his associates in public .service and 
by his fellow citizens. 




(ryL 





DELAWARE STATE CAPITOL AT DOVER. 

Erected in 178S. Has been enlarged and repaired several times since. 


48 






























ROBERT J. REYNOLDS, 

Governor of Delaware, 

Was born in vSm}-rna, Kent county, Delaware, on INIarch 17, A. D. 1S38. His father, 
Robert W. Reynolds, was a man of considerable political prominence. lie died in 1863, 
leaving three vsons and three daughters. 

Robert J. Reynolds was educated at Fairfield, in Herkimer county, New York. He 
began farming near Petersburg, in Kent county, Delaware, in 1861, and has continued 
the business ever since. He has extensive peach orchards, and is a successful farmer and 
fruit grower. He married Davinia L-, the daughter of William E. Riggs, of New Castle 
county, in 1S61. The}' have but one child, Byron, who is practicing law in the city of 
Baltimore. Byron married Ulyssa I. Williamson, of Baltimore city. They have but one 
child, Herbert B3-ron Reynolds. 

Robert J. Reynolds was elected to the General Assembly in 1868, and was elected 
state treasurer in 1S79, and was reelected to the same office in 1881. He has always taken 
an active part in politics, and has frequently served as chairman of county and state 
democratic committees. He was chairman of the democratic state central committee 
when Richard Harrington was chairman of the republican state committee, and ran his 
campaign in a boat on wheels. He was also chairman of the state committee in the 
campaign that elected Charles C. Stockley, governor, and Grover Cleveland, President. 
By reason of a split in the democratic party in 1888, which sent Anthony Higgins, repub¬ 
lican, to the United States senate to succeed the Hon. EH Saulsbury, democrat, the 
party was in bad shape for the campaign of 1890, so much so that a proper nominee for 
the office of governor was a matter of serious consideration among part}' friends. The 
emergency of the times demanded a man who could harmonize the warring elements 
of his own party, and at the same time make inroads upon the opposition. The eyes of 
the public naturally turned upon a man of this kind, and when the primaries came and 
delegates elected for the state convention, it was found that a decided majority of those 
elected were favorable to the nomination of Robert J. Reynolds, of Kent county. 
Mr. Reynolds himself, however, not being fully persuaded in his own mind that he was 
the proper man to nominate, broke the established custom, and attended the convention 
in person, and while there did not hesitate to make his fears known to his party asso¬ 
ciates. In a speech before a caucus of delegates on that occasion, Mr. Reynolds said : 
“ I feel that this nomination belongs to no man, nor to any particular section. It belongs 
to the whole democratic party of Delaware ; and, that while my friends have offered me 
as a probable candidate for the nomination, I say freely, and I make no reserv'ation, I am 
ready and willing at the proper moment to sacrifice my ambition upon the altar of my 
party. And in saying this I further add that I will support the choice of the convention, 
and I only wish that those who are my opponents would say as much. If there is truth 
in a man’s heart, I assert I had rather be the man to unite the democratic party and 
thereby send it to success and victory, than to be the governor of the state.” This action 
on the part of Mr. Reynolds intensified his friends and multiplied his admirers, and when 
the convention met the next day he received 150 votes on the first ballot out of a total 
of 180 delegates. The campaign that followed was a hard and bitter one, and contrary 
to the sanguine expectations of the republican party, and many democrats besides, 
Mr. Reynolds came out of the fight with a majority of 534 votes in the state. 

Governor Reynolds never lost a political battle, and has been in politics for thirty 
vears. 


49 













FLORIDA STATf: CAPITOL AT TALLAHASSEE. 

Corner stone laid in 1S42. Completed in 1S43. 


50 


































HENRY L. MITCHELL, 

Governor of Florida, 

Was born in Jefferson count}^, Missouri, September 3, 1831. 
IMoved to Florida in 1S46. Attended the common schools in 
Alabama and Florida. 

Was admitted to the bar in 1S56. vServed in the Confed¬ 
erate army. 

Was elected to the state legislature in Florida. In 1877 
was appointed judge of one of the Florida courts, and served 
on the bench until he was nominated for governor June i, 
1892. Was elected in November and inaugurated governor of 
Florida January 3, 1893. The oath of office was administered 
by Chief Justice Raney. The inauguration ceremonies were 
followed by a barbecue in the courthouse square at Talla¬ 
hassee. 

The above brief sketch of Governor Mitchell’s life is all 
that we were able to obtain. We made a special effort for 
further information, but were unable to find anyone who 
seemed to know anything about him more than above stated, 
and he refusing to aid ns in obtaining further information, 
we were compelled to go to press without having Florida 
equally represented with other states. 

After going to great expense, we were fortunate in pro¬ 
curing a very flattering picture of the governor. 


51 








GEORGIA STATE CAPITOL AT ATLANTA. 


Built in 1SS4-1S89. Cost, ^999,881.57. Appropriation, f 1,000,000.00. 


52 



































WILLIAM J. NORTHERN. 

Governor of Georgia. 

Was born in Jones comity, Georgia, July 9, 1S35. Ilis gramlliither, William, of Scotch 
descent, settled in North Carolina. His father, Peter, moved to Powellton, Georgia, 
about iSoo. His mother, before her marriage, was Miss Louisa M. Davis. He graduated 
at Mercer University, 1S53. He began teaching school in 1S54 ; was with the famous 
instructor. Dr. Carlisle Beman, in the celebrated IMt. Zion high school, 1856 to 1S58, 
when Dr. Beman retired and Mr. Northern took control, with success. 

In the war he enlisted in the Confederate arnu' as a private in the company under 
the command of his father, who was nearly seventy years old. After the war he 
returned to Hancock county and taught school until 1874, when, because of ill health, 
he went to farming. He w'as in the state democratic convention of 1867, the first politi¬ 
cal body after the surrender; he was representative from Hancock county in the 
General Assembly in 1877-8-9, and on the special joint committee appointed to investi¬ 
gate the indorsement of the Northeastern Railroad bonds ; in the notable gubernatorial 
convention of 1S80 ; he was representative again in iSSo-i ; was state senator 18S4-5; 
and respectively chairman of the committee on education of each house. He was 
elected governor of Georgia, in 1890. He has been vice-president of the State Agricul¬ 
tural Society ; its president 18S6-7-8 by a unanimous vote ; and president of the Young 
Farmer’s Club of the southern states ; president of the Plancock County Farmer’s Club 
from its origin, taking the highest prizes for county displays at the state fair and 
Columbus Expo.sition in 1888 ; also a trustee of the Mercer University for twenty }’ears; 
and president of the trustees of Washington Institute six years ; a moderator of the 
Washington Baptist Association eight years. 

Mr. Northern has always been an able, wise and trusted leader. He has been suc¬ 
cessful as an educator, legislator, farmer and governor. His clear, strong intellect, even 
temper, fine sense of justice and strict honesty have given him the weight due to such 
qualities and elevated him steadily in public esteem. 

He was one of the best teachers in the .South, and dignified the calling. A man of 
patriotism and firmness, his public career has been singularly well-rounded, ending in 
his election to the highest office in the gift of his people. Careful in seeking light, he 
decides public matters with entire independence. His genial spirit and his Christian 
and social virtues have won for him the respect of his fellow citizens in private and 
public life. 

December 19, 1S60, he married Miss Mattie M. Neel, of Mount Zion, a union that 
has proved congenial and happy. 



%orrih:i^ , 


53 





IDAHO vSTATE CAPITOL AT BOISE CITY. 

Erected in 1S84-1SS5. 


54 











































WILLIAM j. McConnell, 

Governor of Idaho, 

Was born in Oakland county. Michigan, September i8, 1839. Received 
an education in the public schools aud academies of that state. 

In 1S60 he caught the western fever and crossed the plains to Nevada 
and California, and thence to Oregon in 1862, where he taught school nine 
months, leaving there for the then territory of Idaho in the spring of 1863. 
lie was deputy United States marshal under Alvord, and summoned the 
first United States grand jury ever held in Boi.se City. His experience in 
that position among the horse thieves and stage robbers, which were very 
numerous at that time, would read like a romance. He returned to Oregon 
in 1871, where he engaged in general merchandise, was elected to the state 
senate from Yamhill county, and was president of that body when Senator 
Dolph, the senior senator of Oregon, was first elected. He had, however, 
prior to that time established a large business in Moscow, Idaho, which has 
been in succe.ssful operation ever since. At the time of his election he held 
the position of president of the McConnell, Maguire Company, Moscow, 
Idaho, and also of McConnell, Chambers Company, Pullman, Washington. 

He was a member of the constitutional convention of his state, and the 
first United States .senator, but, owing to his drawing the short term, only 
served a few months in that body. However, he occupied the position long- 
enough to show that he was diligent, fearless and energetic. His personal 
character, genial spirit, honorable record and social virtues entitle him to 
the high esteem with which he is regarded by his associates. 

He is a man that will give the same attention to a person in humble 
circumstances as he would to one in the higher walks of life. This fact 
alone accounts largely for his extreme popularity. He is a typical we.stern 
gentleman, and is spoken of by all who know him as being a whole-souled, 
good fellow. And his admini-stration is looked upon as being one that is 
run entirely in the interest of the state and the people. 


55 







ILLINOIS STATE CAPITOL AT SPRINGFIELD. 


Corner stone laid in tS68 . Completed in i8S“, 


56 











































JNO. P. ALTGELD, 

Governor of Illinois, 


Was boru iu Germany, December 30, 1S47. Was brought to this country by his parents when only a 
child (about eight years old), aud reared on a farm iu Richland county, Ohio. 

His elementary education in his early days was very limited, having to work 011 the farm and 
attend school only a few months during the winter. 

In 1S64, when only sixteen years of age, he joined the Union Army and participated iu the Jones 
River Campaign. 

Subsequently he taught school for a time, aud iu 1S69 went West. At this time young Altgeld met 
and overcame the great struggle of his life. With a scant supply of money he traveled on foot across 
southern Illinois, aud when after many p'i>-ations he reached the Mississippi river, opposite St. Douis, 
he had only 15 cents left. With this he paid 5 cents ferryboat fare, and a like sum for a still more 
unfortunate fellow traveler, and then balanced aud closed his account by buying writing paper and a 
postage stamp with the remainder to write home. He worked for .some time iu St. Louis, and then went 
to southern Kansas, where he was taken sick and had a severe struggle. 

After his recovery he went to Northwestern Missouri, where he taught school aud studied law. He 
was admitted to the bar in 1872, and was soon after appointed city attorney of Savannah, Missouri, and 
afterward elected state’s attorney of Andrew county. 

His success in these public positions aud his ability as a lawyer made him oue of the best known 
men iu that section of the state. 

In 1875, desiring a larger field for his labors, he removed to Chicago. When he arrived iu this city 
he was an entire stranger. He soon built up a large and lucrative practice, aud was engaged in some of 
the most notable cases that came before the Cook county bench. 

In 1877 he was married to Miss Ford, of Richland county, Ohio. 

In 1884 he ran for congress in the fourth district, and reduced the republican majority by several 
thousand, but was defeated ; he, however, made a great reputation as a campaigner. 

In 1886 Mr. Altgeld was nominated forjudge of the superior court of Cook county by the democratic 
party, and was elected by an overwhelming majority. 

As a judge he proved himself fearless, independent aud impartial; his decisions were clear, 
laconic and comprehensive, and gave proof of much care, study and legal knowledge. 

His energy and industry were remarkable, and won for him the highest encomiums of the press, 
the people and the profession. 

After discharging the duties of his high office with the utmost satisfaction for five years, Judge 
Altgeld astonished everyone by handing his resignation to the governor. The judge assured his friends 
that the claims of his private business only could force him to retire from the position to which they did 
him the honor to elect him. 

" The duties of a judge,” he said, ” were not only onerous, but unceasing, aud he would not occupy 
the position unless he could give it his undivided attention. The people deserve aud should receive the 
fullest services of those whom they select for high aud important offices." 

In 1890 he was made chief justice of the superior court, aud in 1892 he accepted the democratic 
nomination for governor, and knowing that to carry the always republican state of Illinois there would 
have to be a strenuous effort made and a different course of tactics pursued, immediatelj'after accepting 
the nomination he started out through the state on a “still hunt,” and visited every town of any 
importance, meeting the people and talking with them personally, and the success of his operations was 
fully proven in the November election, he being the first democratic governor elected since 1856 ; and no 
little credit is due him for the success of the entire democratic state ticket. 

Governor Altgeld started iu life with nothing but courage, and up to the time he was admitted to 
the bar he made no effort to make only enough money to defray the expenses of his education. Since 
then during the short period of about twenty years he has become a millionaire and has erected .some of 
the finest office buildings in Chicago, among which is the Unity building, probably the finest building of 
its class in the world. 




57 





INDIANA STATE CAPITOL AT INDIANAPOLIS 

Corner stone laid in 1878. Completed in 1S88. 






























CLAUDE MATTHEWS, 

Governor of Indiana, 

Boru December 14, 1845, in Bath count}’, Kentucky ; parents Thomas A. Matthews and 
B,liza Bletcher. On both sides of the house his ancestors were engaged in farming. 
His maternal grandfather represented the Bath district in cougre.ss. 

In Ins boyhood, clad in homespun and with bare feet, he followed the plow, and 
the first money that ev’er came into his possession was earned by grubbing briers at 25 
cents a day. This he spent in going to a circus. 

He attended such schools as the country afforded until fifteen years of age, w’hen he 
removed to Mason county, Kentucky, his father having purchased a farm near Maysville. 
Here the schools were better, of which he availed himself bv riding six miles each wav 
daily. 

In 1S63, he entered Centre College, Danville, Kentucky, from which he graduated 
in June 1867. 

January i, 1S6S, Married Martha R. Whitcomb (only child of the late James Whit¬ 
comb, governor of Indiana, 1843 to 1849), and the same year removed to his farm near 
Clinton, Vermillion county, Indiana, where he has ever since resided, engaged quite 
extensively in grain and stock farming. 

Vermillion county has always been strongly republican, but in 1S7S, he was per¬ 
suaded to make the race for the legislature, and was elected by nearly three hundred 
majority, notwithstanding that the county that year was nearly four hundred republican 
on the state ticket. 

Mr. Matthews, in 18S2, made the race for the state senate in the district composed of 
Parke and A^erniillion counties, and although this district was republican by one 
thousand majority, he was defeated by less than three hundred. 

In 1890, he was called upon to head the state ticket for secretary of state and was 
elected by nearly twenty thousand. At the state convention, 1892, although a candidate 
for renomination as secretary of state, his party again placed him at the head of the 
ticket as candidate for governor, and received the nohiination on the first ballot over 
three competitors. 

Mr. Matthews has always been engaged in farming — that being his sole interest — 
and it is his intention to return to that work at the close of his official life. 

He has been prominent in the stock breeding interests of the state, especially in 
short horn cattle. 

He was also an active member and is yet of the Farmers’ Mutual Benefit Association, 
and was president of his county assembly at the time of his election as secretary of 
state. 

Three thousand souvenir programmes were issued for the inauguration ball at the 
state house January 9, 1893. On each souvenir was the likeness of Governor Mat¬ 
thew’s, w’ho led the grand march. 









IOWA STATE CAPITOL AT DES MOINES. 

Corner stone laid 1871. Practically completed 1885. 


60 






















































HORACE BOIES. 

Governor of Iowa, 

Was born on a farm near Aurora, New York, eighteen miles from Buffalo, on Decem¬ 
ber 7, 1827. 

He lived with his parents till sixteen years old, helping his father on the farm as 
soon as he was large enough, and attending school during the winter months. Young 
Horace then made up his mind it would be better for him and his famil}' if he could go 
farther west and earn something for himself. Having gained his parents’ consent, he 
bought steerage passage in a propeller bound through the lakes. When he landed in 
Racine, Wisconsin, he had only 75 cents, and all his baggage was tied up in a red 
bandana. He at once procured employment on a farm at $10 per month. 

After some few months he returned home to Aurora on account of his mother being 
dangerously ill, but she soon recovered after her son’s return. He then resumed work 
on his father’s farm, but soon discovered that his services were not particularly valuable- 
His elder brother had migrated to Illinois and settled on a farm. Horace went 
there, worked with him a summer or two and taught school during the winter months. 
He then returned to Erie county. New A"ork, and entered a lawyer’s office in Springville, 
near his father’s home, and commenced the study of law, and took care of two cows 
and a horse for his board. 

Young Boies passed eighteen months altogether in close application to law, text¬ 
books and state reports. He was examined for admission to the bar by a committee of 
three in the presence of several judges of the court sitting at general term. There were 
thirteen candidates for admission, and Horace Boies w'as one of the four that passed. 

He then opened a law office with |i5 worth of books and a wife to support. 

In 1855, three years after being admitted to the bar, he w^as elected as a member of 
the assemblv on the republican ticket. That was his first experience in political life. 
The next year he would have been returned to Albany, but there was a gerrymander m 
Erie county, and his election from that county as a republican was impossible. Mr. Boies, 
after his term of office having expired, resumed his law practice at Hamburg, a town 
near Buffalo. His practice became greater and more remunerative each year, hinally 
he removed to Buffalo, and there often met Grover Cleveland 111 court. 

In 1867 Mr. Boies’ wife’s health began to fail, and he decided to move to Waterloo, 
Iowa, hoping the change of climate would be beneficial to her. Mr. Boms had accumu¬ 
lated quite a little sum of money when he went to Waterloo. This he invested in ne 
prairie land and continued the practice of law, and bought more land as fast as his fees 

‘''''''Mr'’B^oresTaTl arJa^s bSn rr'e^pubhSn'tUUsS-''^ Prev^ to that time he had often 

for congress. He declum republicL ticket was equivalent to 

^^'eleSior In the national campaign of 1884 he acted as a democratic citizen and 

fSXS a,... 4 .. ™c.. s„rpns..l » 

a„l t..at Pe 

should have the nomination for President. 






KANSAS STATE CAPITOL AT TOPEKA. 


Corner stone laid in 1866. 


Occupied in 187 r. Not completed yet. 


62 


























































LORENZO D. LEWELLING, 

Governor of Kansas, 

Was born December 21, 1S46, at Salem, Henry county, Iowa. His father, William Lcwelling, was a niiu- 
Lster among the Society of Friends in a large settlement near Salem, and Lorenzo was raised in this 
Quaker settlement. 

When he was only a few years old his father died, and his mother m; rried Kric Knndson, a 
Quaker. When he was nine years old his mother was burned to death in the kitchen, and he was 
turned adrift. For a year or two he lived with a married sister, and then he worked for the neighboring 
farmers and went to the country school during the winter until he was sixteen years of age. It was at 
this district school that the oratorical talent of young Lewelling was developed. In the debating society 
and at the literary' entertainments he was foremost. Thus his native wit and intelligence were displayed 
at an early' age. 

Leaving the farm at the age of seventeen, he went to Burlington and commenced to work shoveling 
dirt for a gravel train on the Burlington & Missouri River Railroad. Soon afterward he joined a company 
which was organized to drive cattle for the quartermaster’s department of the Union army in Tennessee. 
This life did not suit him, and he joined the bridge-building corps at Chattanooga. At the close of the 
war he got his discharge, and went to Eastman’s Business College, at Poughkeepsie, New York, with the 
little money he had saved. 

After graduating at Eastman’s College, he drove on the Erie canal and did carpenter work in 
Toledo. Times were hard with y'ouug Lewelling in the summer of 1866, and he strove to work his way 
back to Iowa, and found himself penniless when he landed in Chicago. The very same day he secured 
employmieut as a section hand and saved money enough to take him back to his old home. For a year 
he was employed in bridge ;uildiug for the Burlington & Missouri River Railroad near Ottumwa, Iowa. 

He then entered Whittier College, a Quaker institute at Salem, earning enough money during the 
summer to carry him through. During the last two years he was in school there he taught classes in 
the preparatory' department. Thus it was he reached manhood, educated, after a hard battle with life 
from his infancy. 

Lewelling was now well equipped for life’s battle. He had an education earned by hard work 
and self-denial. His first employment after leaving the old Quaker college was as a teacher in the Iowa 
state reform school. He was promoted to be assistant superintendent, but resigned the place in 1870, and 
April 18 of the same year he married Miss Angre Cook, a teacher in the Red Oak, Iowa, schools. He 
farmed a while, and then started the Salem Register, a weekly republican paper at Salem, Iowa. In 1872 
Mr. Lewelling and his wife were employed to take charge of the girl’s department in the Iowa state 
reform school. For fifteen years he remained at the school, save for two years he was editing a paper 
at Des Moines. During this time Mr. Lewelling became well known in Iowa. He represented Iowa at 
the national conference of charity held at St. Louis, Washington, LouLsville and other places. He was 
during that time a member, and part of the time president, of the state normal school board. 

The cause of the people appealed to Mr. Lewelling at this time. The republican party of Iowa 
was dominated by the railroad interests, and he championed the cause of his party in the anti-ring 
and railroad element. His place at the school was taken by his wife, and he went to Des Moines and 
started the Capital, an anti-ring republican paper. For two y'ears he edited this paper, but his wife s 
health failed and he sold it out in December, 1882, and was reinstated at the reform school. Mrs. 
Lewelling died while at the school, and Mr. Lewelling married her cousin, who cared for the children 
during Mrs. Lewelling’s sickness. 

In 1887 Mr. Lewelling moved to Wichita, Kansas, and is known to be a liberal, broad-minded, con- 
serv'ative man, well read and posted on all the questions of the day. He posse.sses one of the finest 
libraries in the state, and is a voracious reader of current literature. 

In 1892 he was nominated and elected governor of Kansas by the fusion of the people’s and demo¬ 
cratic parties. 









KENTUCKY STATE CAPITOL AT FRANKFORT. 

Low bviilding at left erected in 1832. High building erected in 1872. 


64 





















































JOHN YOUNG BROWN, 

Governor of Kentucky, 

Was born in Hardin county, Kentucky, :Marcli 28, 1S35. His father, Thomas D. Brown, 
was one of the delegates from Hardin county to the convention of 1S49 that framed the 
constitution. 

Mr, Brown entered the noted Center College, Danville, from which institution he 
graduated before attaining his majority, and commenced at Elizabethtown the practice 
of the profession of law. He had gained a reputation among his schoolfellows as an 
orator while at college, and in the local campaigns while passing through that period of 
enforced leisure which befalls every young attorney, his services were frequently called 
into requisition, especially that this was the time when Know-Nothingism was running 
rampant throughout the commonwealth. In repelling the invasions of this doctrine 
young Brown’s fame spread throughout the district. 

In 1S59 the democrats of the district met at Bardstown to nominate a candidate for 
congress. Colonel Jewett, the outgoing congressman, was a candidate for reelection, but 
had refused to submit his claims to a party convention. There were several names pre¬ 
sented for the consideration of the convention, but none seemed desirable until a dele¬ 
gate arose and proposed the name of John Young Brown, who was chosen amid much 
enthusiasm, over his own protest, and notwithstanding he was under the required age by 
over a year. Colonel Jewett continued on the track as an independent, but the young 
orator met him at every appointment, and carried the district by storm, beating his 
opponent about 2,000 votes. Not being of a proper age he was not allowed to take his 
seat until the short session, the latter part of the term, nearly two years later. The fact 
of his disqualification was known to the convention that nominated him, and to the 

people who voted for him. , . , . 1 1 j ■ c 

He was chosen a state elector on the Douglas ticket in i860, and had a series of 
debates with his brilliant young classmate, W. C. P. Breckinridge, who was an elector 
on the ticket headed by his cousin, Gen. John C. Breckinridge. , ., , 

Mr. Brown was again elected to the Fortieth Congress, but the party in power decided 
that he' had been guilty of disloyalty, and he was refused his seat. His constituents 
refused to select another in his stead, and for a second time his district remained without 
a representative. During the Forty-first and Forty-second Congresses Mr. Brown did 
not attempt to make the race, but at the next election he announced himself and was 
triumphantly elected. It was during this term that Mr. Brown delivered his famous 
philippic against General Butler, which brought down on him the censure of the house, 
but endeared him in the hearts of the people of the South. • tt j 

He served another term, and then voluntarily retired to his honie in Henderson to 
enjoy the society of his family, and to prosecute the practice of his profession. From 
this political retirement he was not tempted until the people began to look about tor a 
democratic standard bearer to lead the gubernatorial campaign of 1891 Solicitations 
from all parts of the state poured in on him, and he at length determined to make the 
race From the time he announced himself the more astute of the politicians saw in 
him'a winner, and though he had a formidable opposition for the nomination, he 
triumphed easily, and at the August election, 1891, brought back the democratic ticket 

something like its old-time majority. .. . , , . a 

Governor Brown’s social life has been preeminently a pleasant one. When quite a 
young man he was married to a daughter of Hon. Archibald Dixon, once lieutenaut- 
goveraor, and who afterward missed a governorship by a few hundred votes. A large 
family blessed their union, and Mrs. Brown, still young, still handsome, presides with 
Quiet dignity and grace over the executive mansion with her three chamiing daugh er , 
while his eldest son, Mr. Arch. D. Brown, occupies to him the confidential position of 
private secretary. 







LOUISIANA STATE CAPITOL AT BATON ROUGE. 

Corner stone laid in 1847. Completed and first session held therein in 1850. Destroyed by fire December 28, 1862, while 

occupied by Federal troops as a prison. Rebuilt in 1S80-1882. 


66 



















MURPHY J. FOSTER, 

« 

Governor of Louisiana, 

W as born at Franklin-on-the-Teche, parish of St. Mar^’, Louisiana, January 
12, 1849 ; was educated at Franklin high school, Washington and Fee Uni- 
versit}', Virginia, and the Cumberland University, Mount Lebanon, 
Tenne.ssee. 

Was graduated from the law .school, Tulane University, New Orleans, in 
1S71 ; practiced his profession in his native and adjacent parish with bril¬ 
liant .success until elected governor on the anti-lottery democratic ticket 
April 19, 1892. 

Was offered the position of associate justice in the Louisiana .state 
supreme court by Governor Nicholls in 1889, but declined, not thinking it 
wise to give up his large and lucrative practice. 

Was elected to the house of repre.sentatives from St. Mary in 1872, but 
was denied his seat by the Kellogg government. 

Was elected to the state senate from the tenth senatorial district in 1880, 
and served continuously in that body until elected governor. 

He several times declined to become a candidate for congress, when his 
consent was all that made it necessary to assure the nomination and election. 

He led the anti-lottery fight in the senate and on the hustings, and he 
was acknowledged by all to be the be.st debater and parliamentarian in the 
senate, and was one of the most attractive speakers in the .state before the 
people. 

Governor Foster has always made an effort to keep out of public office, 
but the demands of the people were so great that he was forced to yield. 
At his home and wherever known no one commands greater re.spect. His 
personal character and honorable record entitle him to the high esteem with 
which he is regarded. 








MAINE vSTATE CAPITOL AT AUGUSTA. 

Krected in 182S-1S32. New addition built on in 1S90. 


6 S 































































HENRY B. CLEAVES, 

Qovernot of Maine, 

Was born in Bridgton, county of Cumberland, state of Maine, in 1840 ; 
etilisted in the Union army as a private soldier in 1862, and .served in the 
Army of the Gulf; was with Sheridan in the Shenandoah valle}’ and in the 
Army of the Potomac, continuing in the service until the close of the war. 
He was a brave and fearless soldier. Upon his return to civil life he selected 
the law as his profe.ssion, and was admitted to the bar in 1868, forming a 
law partnership with his brother. Judge Nathan Cleaves, who died at Port¬ 
land, Maine, in September, 1892. The law firm of Nathan and Henry B. 
Cleaves is extensively known throughout New England, and has always 
enjoyed extensive practice. 

Governor Cleaves served as city .solicitor of Portland, Maine, for two 
years ; represented the city two years in the legislature and ser\"ed as attorney 
general of the state from 1880 to 1885. He tried some eighteen murder 
cases during his term of office and prosecuted the celebrated .state tax cases 
against the railroads to a successful termination. 

He was nominated by the republicans of Maine by acclamation for the 
office of governor and triumphantly elected in September, 1892, and was 
inaugurated in January, 1893. He is exceedingly popular with the people, 
running ahead of his ticket in nearly every city and town in the state. 

He cast his first vote for Abraham Eincoln, and has always been a 


republican. 






MARYLAND STATE CAPITOL 


AT ANNAPOLIS. 


Erected in 1772. 


70 













































FRANK BROWN, 

Governor of Maryland, 


Was born August S, 1S46, on “ Brown’s Inheritance,” in Carroll county, Maryland. 

His original ancestor in this country' was Abel Brown, great grandfather, who came from Dumfries, 
Scotland, in the year 1700, and settled on the land called ” Brown’s Inheritance,” situated near what is 
now known as Sykesville station, Carroll county, on the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad. 

His father. Stephen Thomas Cockey Brown, born November, 1820, died December, 1S76, was one of 
the most prominent agriculturists in the state, as well as a leader in politics, and took an active part in 
all matters of public interest. 

He was posses.sed of great vigor of mind and energy of character, which his son and only living 
child has inherited to a large degree. 

Governor Brown’s father was a Presbyterian, and founded the Springfield Church, which is upon 
the tract of land called “ Springfield.” It is still maintained, the governor taking his father’s place as its 
principal supporter and trustee, 

“ Springfield,” the homestead of Governor Brown, he inherited from his uncle, George Patterson, 
who was a brother of Madame Jerome Bonaparte, iiee Miss Elizabeth Patterson, so well known in the 
history of the state as the wife of the brother of Napoleon. 

This tract of laud, together with “Brown’s Inheritance,” embraces 2,500 acres of land, the finest 
farm in the state. 

He was educated at Springfield Academy, which was connected with the Presbyterian church 
herein referred to, and subsequently in private academies of Baltimore city. 

He began to take an interest in politics in his sixteenth year, and at that early period of his life, his 
father being then actively engaged in his campaigns, rendered him valuable assistance. 

His first political step was an appointment to a clerical position in one of the state tobacco ware¬ 
houses, in 1870, which he held for six years. 

In the fall of 1875 he was elected a member of the house of delegates from Carroll county to the 
legislature of 1876, and again elected in the fall of 1877 to the legislature of 1878, being a very active mem¬ 
ber and serving upon several important committees during these sessions of the general assembly. 

His father and his uncle, George Patterson, having died during the period of his legislative career, 
he was obliged to turn his attention to the management of their large estates. 

In May, 18S6, he was tendered by the President the appointment of postmaster of the city of Balti¬ 
more, which he accepted and served with great credit to himself and his party, and with acceptance to 
all the citizens of Baltimore irrespective of party. 

He was instrumental in securing a number of reforms in the office, among which was the introduc¬ 
tion of the present United States mail package box, which is now in general use throughout the country. 

He also put into successful operation the cart collecting system. He gave careful supervision to the 
internal construction of the new po.stoffice building, which was completed and dedicated during his term. 

In the fall of 1S87 he was a prominent candidate before the democratic state convention for the 
gubernatorial nomination, and although developing unusual strength was not successful. But he then 
and there announced himself as a candidate for the next term, and went to work with a determination 
to win the nomination, and during these four years his sagacity and shrewdness as a politician was most 
pronounced. 

The result of this patient waiting and able management of his own campaign was that he became 
the unanimous nominee of the democratic convention of 1891 for governor for the term of four years. 

He was elected by more than 30,000 majority over his republican opponent, being the greatest dem¬ 
ocratic majority given in Maryland since the enactment of the civil rights bill; and on January 13, 1892, 
was inaugurated at Annapolis with great enthusiasm, the attendance of militarv', political, civic, and 
other organizations, and of the people generally, being more numerous than upon any previous inaugu¬ 
ration. 

In addition to the discharge of the duties devolving upon him as the chief executive of the state, he 
is ex-officio president of the board of trustees of the Maryland Agricultural College ; president of the 
board of trustees of the Maryland House of Correction ; of St. John’s College, Annapolis, Maryland ; of 
the state board of education, and of the board of public works. 












MASSACHUSETTS STATE CAPITOL AT BOSTON. 

Erected in 1795-1797. 


'2 






































WILLIAM E. RUSSELL, 

Governor of Massachusetts, 

Was born in Cambridge, Massachusetts, January 6, 1857, where he still 
resides. His early education was received in the public schools of his native 
city, where he graduated with marked honors ; he entered Harvard College 
in 1873, graduating in 1877, and later from the law school of Boston 
University at the head of his class, receiving the first degree of bachelor of 
laws granted by that university, after which he entered his father’s office. 

Governor Russell was admitted to the Suffolk bar in 1880, and has since 
risen rapidly in his profession, ranking today among the foremost of the 
members of the bar. His native city did not forget its .son. In 1882, when 
but twenty-five years old, he was called to the common council, where he 
showed marked ability, and the next year was elected to the board of aider- 
men, and reelected in 1884. So marked was the ability di.splayed in the latter 
branch, that, in 1885, the young and rising statesman was persuaded to be a 
candidate for mayor, and was elected by a large majority, being reelected 
in 1886, 1887 and 1888. Mr. Russell’s increasing bu.siness now called a halt 
from public life, and having served the city of Cambridge for seven con¬ 
secutive 3'ears, he decided to rest for awhile ; but the period of rest was of 
short duration. His party, recognizing his wonderful abilities, nominated 
him in 1888 for the highest position in the gift of the state, and he was 
defeated by Governor Ames by a plurality of 28,069. His party again nom¬ 
inated him in 1889, and he was again defeated by Governor Brackett by 
6,775 votes, a decided gain from the previous year in his favor. He was again 
nominated for governor in 1890, and after one of the warmest political cam¬ 
paigns ever known in the state of Massachusetts, was elected by a very hand- 
.some plurality, defeating Governor Brackett, the republican candidate, b}^ 8)955 
votes, a remarkable and steady gain, especially when it is considered that 
the state of Ma.ssachusetts has usually given from ten to thirty thousand 
republican majorit}'. 

So general was the satisfaction given by Governor Russell during his 
administration that he was again the unanimous nominee of his party for 
governor in the election of 1891. After a .spirited conte.st, in which his elo¬ 
quence and strength as a debater and his great popularity with the people 
were once more signally demonstrated, he was reelected, defeating Hon. 
Charles H. Allen, of Lowell, the republican candidate, by a plurality of 

'^In 1892, he defeated Lieutenant-Governor William H. Haile, of Spring- 
field, republican nominee for governor, by about three thousand plurality, 
this being his third election a.s governor of the commonwealth. 










MICHIGAN STATE CAPITOL AT LANSING. 

Erected in 1S72-1S78. 


74 

























































































JOHN T. RICH, 


Governor of Michigan, 


I" Ts r’rT'Tr' ^3, :S4:. His mother died i„ Au^.st, X847, and in 

Ma. of 1848, John, then only seven years of age, went to Michigan to live with relatives. The .sa.ne vear 

his father moved to Michigan and ourchaseH fh#:^ of ■c'n t 

^ . purcnased the farm at Blba, Tapeer county, where his son now 

resides, and where his father died in 1872. 

the motherless boy was a counterpart of those hardy pioneers who endured the 
hardslnps mc:dent to the transformation of the wilderness into civilization. He worked hard, early and 
late, on the fann, and by attending the country schools during the winter .nonths he succeeded in 
obtatmng a rudunentary education, and with it ca.ne a thirst for further knowledge that demanded wider 
opportunuies, which were not realized except in a limited way. 

• In 1857 he attended the Clarkson Academy for a term of twelve weeks, and later the Lapeer high 
school for three terms. This comparatively limited schooling, accompanied however, by a natural 
brightness and an aptitude for books, and by reading and study at home when the day’s work was 
done, was the basis of his education. 

He was married March 12. 1863, to Miss Lucretia Wiiiship. of Atlas, Michigan. 

Mr. Rich has been a frequent officeholder, but it is a fact that in nearly every instance the place 

has sought the man, and not the man the place. Honors have been conferred upon him without 
solicitation. 


He was elected a member of the county board of siipervusors in 1869, 1870, 1871 and 1S72. and was 
chairman of the board the last two years. 

He was elected a member of the state legislatures of 1873,1875, 1877 and 1879. During the sessions of 
1S77 and 1879 he was speaker of the house. 

He achieved an enviable reputation both as legislator and parliamentarian, making his mark as 
well for his sound common sense as for his ability as a pre.siding officer, in which capacity none of his 
decisions were ever overruled. 

Mr. Rich was a candidate for governor in 1880 before the republican convention, but was defkted 
by David H. Jerome, of Saginaw, on the tenth ballot, and there was no warmer supporter or harder 
fighter for his election than Mr. Rich. 

In the fall of i88o Mr. Rich was elected to the state senate and served on some of the most 
important committees. In March, 1881, he resigned and was elected to congress to succeed E. D. Conger. 
Before his departure his former colleagues in the senate presented him with an elegant gold watch and 
chain. This, follorving the presentation, at the close of the session of 1877, of an album containing the 
photographs of all the state officers and members of the legislature, and of a handsome silver service at 
the end of the 1S79 session, showed the esteem in which Mr. Rich was held by his associates in the legis¬ 
lature. At the republican convention in 1S82 he was renominated for a second term in congress by 
acclamation, but was defeated by E. C. Carletou, democrat, bj' 288 votes. 

Mr. Rich settles down to farm life again in which he has always been active. As president of the 
Michigan Merino Sheep Breeders’ Association he was appointed as a delegate to appear before the 
committee on ways and means of congress in behalf of the wool-growing industry. He is also president 
of the Farmers’ Mutual Fire Insurance Company, of Lapeer county. Was elected president of the State 
Agricultural Society in 1S90 and 1S91. Was chairman of republican state conventions in 1879 and 1891, 
and chairman of the senatorial caucus in 1881 when Mr. Conger was elected United States senator. 

Was appointed railroad commissioner in 1887 by Governor Luce and reappointed in 1SS9. This 
latter year Secretary Foster, of the treasury, appointed Mr, Rich a member of the board of commis¬ 
sioners to revise the standard wool samples of the government; also was appointed member of a com¬ 
mittee to classify the wool samples for the World’s Fair, In the fall of 1892 was elected governor of 
Michigan for a term of two years. 





75 











MINNESOTA STATE CAPITOL AT ST. PAUL. 

Corner stone laid in i88i. Completed in 1S83. 


■6 

































KNUTE NELSON, 

Governor of Minnesota, 

\\ as born in the parish of \ oss, near the city of Bergen, in the kingdom of 
Norway, Kurope, on Februarj^ 2, 1843. He came with his parents to the 
United States wlien only six years old and settled in Wisconsin. 

\ oung Nelson when a bo}'was alwa5’s anxious to work, and anything 
he did he did well, never leaving anything incomplete, and everything he 
came in contact with he was not satisfied until he knew all about it. He 
did not have the best school advantages, as he could only attend the country 
school during the winter months. But he was a faithful student and was 
with his books the same as with his work, never passing an5dhing that he 
did not fully understand. Those knowing young Nelson when a boy saw 
that if he had half a chance he was destined some da}’ to make his mark in 
life. 

When the war broke out he enlisted in the 4th Wisconsin Regiment and 
serv’ed as a private and non-commissioned officer for three years; was 
wounded and taken prisoner at the siege of Port Hudson on July 14, 1863. 

Mr. Nelson had alwaj’S a desire to read law, and after coming out of the 
army he pursued that study and was admitted to the bar. Since then he 
has met with nothing but success. Aside from the practice of law, Mr. Nel¬ 
son has always been an active farmer. 

He was elected on the republican ticket to the a.ssembly in Wisconsin 
legislature in 1868-9. Shortly after his term of office expired he moved to 
Alexandria, Douglas county, Minnesota, his present home, and was prose- 
ciiting attorney of Douglas county in 1872-3-4. He was then elected state 
senator in Minnesota legislature in 1875, 1876, 1877 and 1878, and repre¬ 
sented his district in the Forty-eighth, Forty-ninth and Fiftieth Congresses, 
ser\ung from March 4, 1883, to March 4, 1889. 

His record in the legislatures and congress was so satisfactory to the peo¬ 
ple of his .state that in the fall of 1892 they conferred upon him the highest 
office in their power to be.stow upon him, the governor of Minnesota. 




77 







MISSISSIPPI STATE CAPITOL 


AT JACKSON. 


Erected in 1S39-1S40. 

















JOHN M. STON E, 


Governor of Hississippi, 

Was born April 30, 1830, on a farm in the state of Tennessee, Gibson 
connty, where he was raised, and his advantages were no better than the 
average farmer bo}’ at that time, which were far inferior to the advan¬ 
tages of the farmer boj" of the present da}’. 

He was elected colonel of the militia in Tennessee in 1849. 

When the war broke out he enlisted in the Confederate army, sen'ing 
four 3’ears, and commanded a regiment the last three years. 

After the war he was in the railroad seivdce, and was mayor of the 
town of luka, Missis.sippi, in 1865 and 1866. He was elected treasurer 
of Tishomingo county, Mississippi, in 1866, and served about two years ; 
was elected to the state senate in November, 1869, and was reelected in 
1873. He was elected president of the senate in January’, 1876, and by 
virtue of that office became governor of Mississippi in March, 1876. At 
the expiration of his term, he was nominated by the democratic state 
convention and elected governor for a full term of four years, commencing 
January, 1878. 

In 1884 he was appointed railroad commissioner and served two years, 
and in November, 1889, he was again elected governor of Mississippi for 
a term of four years, commencing in January, 1890. A convention having 
been called to make a new constitution, it passed an ordinance extending 
his term of office two years, so that his term as governor will expire in 
January, 1896 ; and by the same ordinance it made a governor ineligible 

to succeed himself. 


79 





















■ r 


MISSOURI STATE 


CAPITOL AT JEFFERSON CITY. 


Erected in 1837. 


80 




























WILLIAM J. STONE, 


Governor of Missouri, 

Was born in Madison county, Kentucky, INIay 7, 184S. His early life was spent on his 
father’s farm, attending school in a little old log cabin where they held a three 
months’ term every winter. 

In 1S61-2 he attended what was then termed “The Seminary,” at Richmond, Ken¬ 
tucky. This was a brick building of two rooms, and had two teachers. 

It was a private or subscription school. 

In 1S63 he went to Missouri to reside with his sister, the wife of the Hon. Squire 
Turner, who lived at Columbia. At that town is located the State University, and while 
residing at Columbia he attended school at the university three years. 

On leaving the university he read law with his brother-in-law, the Hon. Squire 
Turner (who is distinguished in central Missouri), about three years. Was then 
admitted to the bar as practitioner in all the courts of the state. 

In 1869 he moved to Bedford, Indiana, where he formed a partnership with Judge 
Ambrose B. Carlton, one of the ablest lawyers in that state. This partnership did not 
exist long, as Judge Carlton moved to Terre Haute, Indiana, and entered into partner¬ 
ship with Hon. Daniel W. Voorhees. 

Mr. vStone remained in Indiana about one year. Then, in 1870, he returned to 
^Missouri and located at Nevada, where he has since resided. 

Since removing to IVIis.souri he has been engaged in practicing law and conducting 
a large stock farm. 

On April 2, 1S74, he was married to Miss Sarah Louise Winston, daughter of William 
K. Winston, at the family homestead in Cole county, Missouri. They have tliree chil¬ 
dren— one boy, Kimbrough, born January 15, 1S75, and two daughters, Mable, born 
October 30, 1S78, and Mildred, born June 27, 1882. 

Mr. Stone was presidential elector on the Tilden and Hendricks ticket in 1876, and 
represented his district in the Forty-ninth, Fiftieth and Fifty-first Congresses in 18S4, 
1886 and 1SS8. His congressional record was of such a nature that his party urged him 
to accept the nomination for another term, but he declined the nomination. 

While in congress he served on the Committee on Public Lands, the Committee on 
Reform in the Civil Service, and other important committees. 

His principal work was in pressing for reforms in the land laws of the United States, 
and for the forfeiture of the unearned land grants made by congress between 1862 and 
1870 to railroad corporations. 

He was one of those who inaugurated the fight made to forfeit those grants, and was 
finally recognized as the leader in it. The result of the efforts made in this behalf was 
the forfeiture and restoration to the public domain of over sixty million acres of lands 
granted to railroads, and setting them apart exclusively for homesteads. 

Mr. Stone was opposed to the Civil Sersdce Law, and vainly endeavored to secure its 
repeal. 

He was an advocate of free silver coinage and a “tariff for revenue only,” speaking in 
favor of both measures and voting in favor of them on every possible occasion. 

His eulogies on the life and character of Hon. James N. Burnes and Hon. James P. 
Walker, with both of whom he served, and his speech in favor of St. Louis as a site for the 
World’s Fair, were the efforts possessing greatest literary merit. ■ 

In the Fifty-first Congress he made a speech on the subject of pension extravagance 
that attracted widespread attention, being printed in the metropolitan journals published 
in nearly every city in the Union. 








MONTANA TEMPORARY STATE CAPITOL AT HELENA. 


82 




























J. E. RECKARDS, 

Governor of Hontana, 

W as born in Delaware City, Delaware, Juh’ 23, 1848, and after obtaining 
his majority he became convinced that the West was the place for a young 
man, so he at once started for Colorado, where he remained nine years. He 
next went to California, where he lived four years, and in 1882 he settled in 
Butte City, IMontana, his present home, and is one of the prominent mer¬ 
chants of the city. 

His prominence and public spirit led to his election as an alderman in 
that cit3', and in 1887 he represented Silver Bow count}' in the territorial 
council, and in 1889 he was a member of the constitutional convention 
which framed the constitution of the new state, and in that bod}' he was a 
prominent and useful member, his abilities being so far recognized that in 
the first .state election he was made lieutenant-governor, receiving the high¬ 
est vote of any candidate. He made an excellent presiding officer. His 
capacity, integrit}' and courage are well known, and he is regarded in the 
West as a “coming man.’’ He is a zealous and aggressive republican, 
without going to the extreme of bitter partisanship, and a thorough we.st- 
ern man. 

He was elected governor of Montana November 8, 1892, for a term of 
four years. 

Governor Reckards is devoted to the state of his adoption, and Mon¬ 
tana’s interests will be kept to the front under his administration. He was 
four years Montana’s supreme representative to the supreme lodge Knights 
of Pythias and was twice elected member of general conference of Meth¬ 
odist Episcopal church. 







NEBRASKA STATE CAPITOL AT LINCOLN. 

Corner stone laid in 1879. Completed in 188S. 


84 



















































LORENZO CROUNSE, 

Governor of Nebraska, 

Was born Januar}’ 27, 1834, in the town of Sharon, County of Schoharie, New York. lie 
was the youngest of a family of seven children. Had only a common school education, 
supplemented by one year in New York Conference Seminary (Charlottsville Seminary). 
When a boy he was fully three years in advance of other boys of his age with his studies, 
this being fully verified by the fact that he began teaching school at the age of 
seventeen. 

He had a natural taste for reading law, so he combined teaching and reading Black- 
stone and was admitted to the bar in 1856, and at once met with marked success. 

At the beginning of the war he raised the company known as Battery K, First 
Regiment, New York Light Artillery, and was chosen its captain. Being severely 
wounded in 1S62, he was compelled to return home. 

In 1864 he removed to Nebraska, and in 1S65 was elected to the territorial legisla¬ 
ture, and was a member of the committee appointed to draft the first constitution for the 
proposed state of Nebraska. Upon the adoption of the constitution in 1S66, IMr. 
Crounse, though only thirt3--two years old, was elected one of the justices of the first 
supreme court of the new’ state. 

Retiring from the bench, he w’as elected to the Forty-third Congress and reelected 
to the Forty-fourth, declining a third term. 

In each congress of wdiich he w’as a member he introduced and secured the passage 
through the house of representatives, a bill for the taxation of the large body of lands 
granted to the Llnion Pacific and other subsidized railroads, a matter of much interest to 
Nebraska. 

From 1879 to 1883 he was collector of internal revenue for the district including 
Nebraska, a position tendered him without solicitation by President Haj es. 

From'the admission of the state in 1S67 to the election in fall of 1S90 the state had 
always elected a republican legislature and state officers. In 1890 a democratic governor 
(Jas. E. Boyd) w’as elected, w'hile the legislature chosen at the same time w’as 

independent. 

In 1S92, the nomination by the independents of ex-Senator C. H. Van Wyck, for the 
office of "overnor — a very strong nomination —made it the duty ot the republicans to 
put forw’ard their strongest man. Against his washes and strong prote.sts the republican 
convention nominated ilr. Crounse. His popularity and past record together with the 
strong canvass he made, particularly in his joint debates with Van Wyck, resulted 111 his 
election bv a surprising majority. 

Iilr. Crounse held for some time the appointment as assistant secretary of the 
treasury under President Harrison, which po.sition he resigned to enter upon the cam- 

^ "^His home is at Fort Calhoun, some sixteen miles above Omaha, on the Missouri, 
near where he has a fine farm ; he gives special attention to raising fine stock, has large 
orchards, and is generally interested in agriculture. 









4 rt 



NEVADA STATE CAPITOL AT CARSON CITY. 


Erected in 1S79-1881. 


86 


















































ROSWELL K. COLCORD, 

Governor of Nevada, 


Was born in Waldo county, Maine, April 25, 1839. 

He obtained his education in the public schools. Graduating from the 
Searsport public .school, in Waldo comity, in 1856, then being onl}" seven¬ 
teen years of age, he joined the tide of emigration and crossed the i.sthmus 
to California, locating at Columbia, where he lived till i860 ; then he 
removed to Mokelumne Hill, where he resided till 1863. 

He has followed the mining and milling business ever since he migrated 
west. Was foreman of the Imperial and Empire Mines, at Virginia City, 
Nevada, from 1866 to 1869, and was superintendent and general manager 
of the Syndicate, Bulwer, Bodie Tunnel, Bechtel IMines and Mills at Bodie 
from 1879 to 1886, and of the Esmerelda Limited, Humbolt Electric Power 
and Mining Companies’ mines and mills at Aurora, Nevada, from 1886 to 
1891. 

Governor Colcord never aspired to political honors, although he always 
took a deep interest in the political issues of the da}" as an unyielding 
republican, and was thoroughly posted on the sitnation of the times, and 
is one of the be.st mine and mill experts in the West. He being so prom¬ 
inently connected in the mining interests of the We.st, especially in 
Nevada, has caused him to be well known throughout the state, and his 
extreme popularity made it very evident to the republican party that he 
was the man to place on their ticket for governor, and the re.sult of the 
election was proof of the fact that they had made no error. 

This is the first public office he was ever elected to. In 1889 he was 
appointed to attend the Paris Exposition as a commissioner from Nevada. 

At Governor Colcord’s home in Carson City, there is no one that com¬ 
mands greater respect. 




S7 


d 
















NEW HAMPvSHIRE vSTATE CAPITOL AT CONCORD. 


Erected in iSi6. Remodeled in 1S65. 


88 




































JOHN B. SMITH, 

Governor of New Hampshire, 

Was born iu Buckiughaiu, \ ernioiit, April 12, 1S3S. Removed with his parents to Hillsborough, New 
Hampshire, when nine years of age. Received his early education in the public schools of that town, 
and subsequently entered Krancestown Academy, where he soon became known as one of its best clas¬ 
sical scholars, and at the age of si.vteen he was nearly fitted for college. 

Circumstances and his tastes united, however, to turn him toward a business career, and upon leav¬ 
ing the academy, in 1S54, he obtained employment in a shoe peg factory at Heuuiker ; then iu a similar 
one at Manchester, and was afterward engaged as a clerk in a country store in New Boston. 

In 1863 he began business for himself by purchasing a drug store iu Manchester, which he owned 
for about a year, when he establi.shed iu the town of W'ashiugton a factory for the production of knit 
goods. 

A year later he leased the Sawyer woolen mill at North W’eare, and having by his experience in these 
two ventures satisfied himself that he could succeed in the woolen business, in 1S66 he built at Hillsbor¬ 
ough Bridge a small mill, which was the beginning of the extensive kuit goods factory now owned and 
operated bj' the Contoocook Mills Companj', of which he is the president and principal owner. He is 
also commission merchant for the sale of knit goods in Boston, 144 King.ston street, and in New York, 87 
Franklin street. 

For seventeen j-ears, from 1S63, Mr. .Smith resided iu Jlanchester, although his business was else¬ 
where, and he is now largelj' interested in the real estate of that city, and otherwise identified with its 
people. 

Since iSSo he has been a resident of Hillsborough. His wife is Fhnma E., daughter of Stephen 
Lavender, of Boston. 

Two children have been born to them : Butler Lavender Smith, born March 4, 1SS6, and died, after a 
few da3-s' illness, at St. Augustine, Florida, April 6, 1888 ; Archibald Lavender, born February i, 1SS9, is 
still spared to cheer their home. 

During the quarter of a century that John B. Smith has been a mill owner he has never had a strike 
or other labor disturbances to contend with, and he may well credit, as lie does, a large share of his suc¬ 
cess to the amicable relations that have always existed between him and those who have operated his 
machinerv', and made them his warmest friends and most zealous promoters of his interests. 

Nor is it in an indirect way alone that others have profited by Mr. .Smith's business ability, for he 
has long been a liberal giver to the Congregational church, of which he is a member, to his party, to 
public and private charities, to all causes which commend themselves to his conscience and judgment. 

Few men in New Hampshire have in recent years scattered their benefactions with so free a hand, 
and fewer j-et have given with so little advertisement of their generosity. 

Mrs. Smith is in hearty accord with her husband in all charitable work, and is widely known for 
her generosity and kindness of heart, and quick sympathy for those iu need. She is prominent iu the 
social and religions interests of the communitj-. 

In politics Mr. Smith is a republican, earnest, uncompromising, readj- and willing. In boj-hood 
his convictions impelled him to cast aside the traditions and teachings of his democratic ancestors and 
become a member of the republican organization ; and since that time when there was work to be done 
or burdens to be borne to promote the cause of his party, he has never been found backward. 

When he became a citizen of Hillsborough, iu 1S80, the town was, as it has always been, a demo¬ 
cratic stronghold. 

To the change by which his part}- was given ascendeucj- by a majority of fiftj-, Mr. Smith con¬ 
tributed in no small degree. 

He was one of the republican electors of the state in 18S4, a member of Governor Sawj-er's council 
in 18S7-9, chairman of the republican state committee iu the early part of the campaign of 1890, and of 
the most zealous and efficient of those who led his party in the contest which resulted in the election of 
Governor Tnttle. 

In Maj', 1892, Mr. Smith was nominated in state convention of republicans of New Hampshire 
unanimously b}- acclamation as candidate for governor, and was elected bj- the people on November 8, 
and inaugurated January 5, 1893. 




89 






NEW JERSEY STATE CAPITOL AT TRENTON. 

On March 21, 1S85, front portion was destroyed by fire. New front rebuilt and finished in 1SS9. 


90 











































GEORGE T. WERTS, 

Governor of New Jersey, 

W as Ijorii in Hackettstowii, W arreii count}’, INew Jerse}', iVIarcli 24, 1846. 

\\ hen quite a 3-oung man he became impressed with the idea that he 
would prefer the legal profession and was educated to that end. 

His unusual rapid advancement in all his studies proved conclusively 
that he had made no mi.stake in the selection of his profession, as he com¬ 
pleted his studies and was admitted to the Imr, passing a rigid examination 
when only twenty-one years of age. 

In his practice he met with marked and increasing succe.ss from the 
beginning, and was recognized by the courts as a lawyer of far more than 
ordinary ability. Mr. Werts devoted his entire time and attention to the 
practice of his profession till 1883. Then he was elected recorder of Morris¬ 
town, New Jerse}’, his old home and where he still resides. This office he 
held for two years and was the first public office of any prominence he had 
permitted himself to accept, but this seemed to be the foundation for his 
official career, as from the date of this office he has been kept before the 
people. 

In the spring of 1886 the most important question of Morristown was 
who should the}’ elect for their mayor, and as the masses .seemed to concen¬ 
trate on Mr. Werts, and being apprised of this fact by his friends, he reluc¬ 
tantly accepted the nomination and was elected in May. This office he held 
for six years. 

In 1886 he was elected state .senator from Morris county. This office he 
held till February, 1S92. Then he resigned his senatorship and the mayor¬ 
alty of JMorristown to accept a higher office, justice of the supreme court 
of New Jersey. 

In 1889 he was president of the .senate, and while a member of this body 
he drafted the present high license law of New Jersey, known as the 
‘ ‘ Werts law, ’ ’ also the present ballot reform law of the state. 

In 1892 he was the democratic nominee for governor of New Jersey and 
triumphantly elected. 








*i§tg£gi fi 




****mt$tu 




NEW MEXICO TERRITORIAL CAPITOL AT SANTA Ft. 

Erected in 1SS5. Partially destroyed by fire IMay 12, 1S92. 




W«« 








4?. 


Mi 




a 




















92 






























L. BRADFORD PRINCE, 

Governor of New Mexico Territory, 

Was born in Flushing, Queens county, New York, on the 3d day of July, 
1S40. Is descendant, through his maternal ancestors from William Brad¬ 
ford, of the Maj’flower. 

He is a lawyer by profession, having graduated at the Columbia law 
school with highest honors in political science, winning the 1^200 prize 
offered to the student of his class passing the highest examination. 

After graduating he pursued his profession, and was at once recognized 
b}' the bar and courts as a young lawyer of marked ability. His practice 
has not extended over a long term of years, as when a young man he was 
forced to yield to the demands of the people to serve them in public office, 
and was elected a member of a.s.sembly in New York from Queens count}’, a 
strongly adverse democratic district, in 1871, 1872, 1873, 1874 and 1875, 
ser\’ing on many of the most important committees. 

His work in the assembly was so highly approved by the people of his 
district that they not only kept him there five years, but at the expiration 
of his term in 1875 they placed him before the people again to represent the 
first district of New York in the senate, and at the election he ran 3,600 
ahead of his ticket. 

While a member of the assembly he was chairman of the judiciary com¬ 
mittee which investigated the corrupt judiciary of New York city, consi.sting 
of Judges Cardozo, Barnard and McCunn, and was manager of the impeach¬ 
ment of Judge Barnard in 1872. 

He was appointed, in 1879, chief jmstice of New Mexico, which office he 
held until he resigned in August, 1882 ; was made president of the New 
Mexico bureau of immigration in 1881, and has been president of the 
Historical Society of New Mexico since 1883, and president of the Uni\er.sity 
of New Mexico since 1882 ; and was a member of the Kpiscopal general 
convention in 1877, 1880, 1883, 1886, 1889 and 1892. 

Governor Prince is author of .several well-known works among which 
are “A Nation or a League,” 1880; “General Laws of New Mexico,” 
1882 ; and “ Historv’ of New Mexico,” 1883. 




93 






NEW YORK STATE CAPITOL AT ALBANY. 

Corner stone laid in 1869, and is not 3-et completed. 


94 






















ROSWELL P. FLOWER, 

Governor of New York, 


Was born August 7, 1S35. at Theresa, Jefferson county. New York. Ilis father, Nathan M. Flower, died 
when young Roswell was only eight years old, leaving quite a large family and a wool-carding and cloth¬ 
making business at Theresa. The mother took charge of the business and ran it for a couple of years, 
and young Roswell was put to work at pickiug wool during part of the summer and the rest of the time 
he went to school. 

The family had a farm and young Roswell did all kinds of work on the farm until fourteen years of 
age. Then he was occupied at school, and night and morning did what work he could to help support 
the family, such as sawing wood and caryiug it up stairs to offices, and in fact auy odd jobs he could do. 

He graduated at the Theresa high school when si.xteeu years of age ; then taught a country school 
for awhile and " boarded around ” among the parents of his scholars. 

When eighteen years old, he went to Philadelphia to clerk in a general merchandise store, and the 
firm failed in two months, throwing him out of employment. He then returned to Theresa, and worked 
one spring and summer on his mother’s farm. 

In .September, 1853, he accepted a po.sition in Watertown as deputy postma.ster at $50 per month and 
board. This position he held for six years. The first $50 he .saved he invested in a gold watch, which he 
sold in a few months to a young physician who was going West for $53 and took his note for it, and he 


still holds the note. 

At the expiration of his term in office he had accumulated about $1,000. With this he purchased 
the interest of Mr. Sigourney in a jewelry business, the firm name being Hitchcock & Flower. In two 
years he bought out his partner and continued alone in the business until 1S69. 

Mr. Flower was married December 26, 1859, to Sarah M. Woodruff, a daughter of Norris M. Wood¬ 
ruff, of Watertown. 

In 1869, Henry' Keep, the well-known capitalist, who married Miss Emma Woodruff, a sister of 
Mrs. Flower,' died, and Mr. Flower removed to New York city and took charge of his late brother-in-law’s 
estate, then valued at $1,000,000, and under Mr. Flower’s management it has expanded to $4,000,000. 

Governor Flower’s fortune is estimated in the millions, and has not been made by speculation in 
Wall street, but by the shrewd purchasing of properties, which by careful and prudent management, 
have developed and proven valuable investments. 

In 18S1 Mr. Flower was induced to run for congress in the eleventh congressional district again.st 
William Waldorf Astor. This district gave Levi P. Morton over four thousand majority, but Mr. Flower 
was elected by 3,100 majority, and declined a second term. 

In 1885 Mr. Flower was unanimously nominated for lieutenant-governor at the democratic state 
convention held at Saratoga. This honor he declined, giving his reasons. The .state committee was 
called together and nominated in his place Colonel Jones, of Binghamton. Mr. Flower was selected as 
one of the deleg.ates-at-large in 188S to the national democratic convention at St. Louis, which nominated 
Grover Cleveland for President, and was chosen chairman of the delegation. 

In the same year, when it seemed probable that the two democratic factious in the twefth district 
might each run a candidate for congress, they united on Mr. Flower, and a.sked him to accept the nomi¬ 
nation. This he did with some hesitation, and only in order to help the election of the presidential and 
gubernatorial nominees. 

In the Fifty-first Congress he was appointed a member of the house committee on ways and means, 
and also a member of the committee on the World’s Fair. His efforts toward securing Uie location of the 
World’s Fair in New York were recognized by the city' and state as most able and pensistent. 

He was nominated for governor at the democratic state convention of 1S91, and was elected by a 
plurality 0147,937 over Jacob Sloan Fassett, the republican candidate. 

Mr. Flower has never turned his back 011 any charitable institution. 

to give away in charity a certain portion of his income. , . ^ 

4 t the Columbian dedication exercises in Chicago, October 20 and 21, m the parades. Governor 
Flower was wildly cheered all along the line of many miles of the march, which showed his great popu¬ 
larity with the masses of the people, and thousands remarked that he would be President of the United 

States ill the near future. 


He has always made it a rule 




95 






NORTH CAROLINA STATE CAPITOL AT RALEIGH. 


Erected in 1S35. 


96 


























ELIAS CARR, 


Governor of North Carolina, 

Was born on Brace Bridge farm near 0 !d Sparta, in the county of Edge¬ 
combe, North Carolina, February 25, 1839. His father died when he was 
quite young and he w'as raised by John Buxton Williams and his wife, who 
was the aunt of jmung Carr. 

He received his preliminary education at the noted school of William J. 
Bingham, at the Oaks in Orange county. From there he entered Chapel 
Hill and finished his education at the University of Virginia. 

He chose for his business in life the pursuit of agriculture, in which his 
family had long been engaged. Purchasing his brother’s interest in his 
father’s fine farm at Brace Bridge, he has cultivated that property ever since. 
It is here that he has made his reputation as one of the be.st farmers in the 
state. His farm is noted far and wide as being most excellently cultivated 
and improved. His home he has beautifully adorned and made attractive as 
few other country residences now are. 

For about fifteen years Mr. Carr has been county commissioner of Edge¬ 
combe county. He has frequently been honored by commissioners to repre¬ 
sent his state in convention, as the Farmers’ Convention in St. Paul in 1886. 

Mr. Carr is a member of the board managing the Agricultural and 
Mechanical College at Raleigh and a member of the World’s Fair com¬ 
mission. 

Always greatly interested in agriculture, to which he is devoted, he has 
sought by precept and example to infuse into the people a spirit of progress 
and improvement. Animated by the.se sentiments, he has long been an 
earnest and active member of the State Agricultural Society, and when the 
alliance was formed he early connected himself with it. 

He was first president of the sub-alliance at Old Sparta, then of his 
county alliance and next of the state alliance, which position he held as 
long as the constitution permitted. 

He represented the alliance at Ocala, Florida, and was a member of the 
committee on platform, where he took a prominent part, advocating conserv¬ 
ative action. Mr. Carr has sought to keep the order, as far as possible, out 
of partisan politics. His name has been pre.sented time and again for high 
station, but he has invariably declined to enter into such contests. 

The nomination for governor was entirely unsought and unexpected. 
He accepted the nomination because there was no question but what he was 
the man the people wanted. This was fully proven by the election in 
November. 





97 










NORTH DAKOTA STATE CAPITOE AT BISMARCK. 

Comer stone laid in 1S83. Completed 1S93. 































































E. C. D. SHORTRIDGE, 

Governor of North Dakota, 

Was born in Cabel count}^ West Virginia, March 29, 1830, but his boyhood 
was passed in Missouri, to which state his parents removed when he was 
very young. 

His education, begun in the common schools, was completed at the 
Academy of Paris, Missouri. Having passed his life upon a farm his 
interests are devoted to that branch of industry. 

For the past sixteen years he has lived at Grand Forks, where his 
sterling worth, sound judgment, and honesty of purpose have won the 
esteem of all with whom he has been brought in contact. 

His fine farm is located near Grand Forks, at what is known as 
Bachelor’s Grove, and he is acknowledged one of the successful farmers of 
North Dakota. 

Sen'ed one year as president of the farmer’s alliance of North Dakota 
and represented the state at the grand council in \\ ashington, January , 1892. 

He was the nominee of the democratic and independent parties for 
governor in the fall of 1892, and may be said to have organized victory for 

himself. 

Governor Shortridge never aspired to office and it was with difficulty 
that his friends persuaded him to enter the gubernational race, and this is 
the first public office he ever held ; and his administration is looked upon as 
one that wdll be run entirely in the intere.sts of the people. 




* t 





OHIO STATE CAPITOL AT COLUMBUS. 

Corner stone laid 1838. Completed 1861. 


100 





































WILLIAM McKINLEY, JR., 

Governor of Ohio, 

Was born at Niles, Trumbull county, Ohio, on January 29, 1843. Ilis father was an iron manufacturer. 
Young INIcKinley was educated at the public .schools and at the Poland (Mahoning county) academy. 

In June, 1861, he enlisted in the 23d Ohio Volunteer Infantry as a private. On September 24, 1S62, 
he was promoted to second lieutenant; on February 7, 1S63, first lieutenant ; on July 25, 1S64, to captain, 
and was breveted major by President Tincoln for gallant and meritorious services at the battle of Opequaii, 
Fisher’s Hill and Cedar Creek. He served on the staff of ex-President Hayes and Major-General George 
Crook, and after Crook’s capture he served for a time 011 the staff of Major-General Hancock, and subse¬ 
quently ou the staff of Gen. S. S. Carroll. He was with the 23d iu all its battles, and was mustered out 
with it on July 26, 1S65. At the close of the war he returned to Ohio. He had a liking for the military 
profession, and it is said that but for the advice of his father he would, at the solicitation of General 
Carroll, have attached himself to the regular army. He studied law with the Hon. Charles E. Gliddeu 
and David Wilson, of Mahoning county, and then attended the law school at Albany, New York. In 1867 
he was admitted to the bar, and iu May of the .same year he located in Canton, Stark county, where he 
soon formed a partnership with Judge Beldeu. He was elected prosecuting attorney of Stark county in 
1869. Ou January 25, 1S71, he was married to Miss Ida Saxton, daughter of James A. Saxton, a prominent 
citizen of Canton. He was elected to congress in 1876, and was continuously in congress until March, 
1891, except part of his fourth term, he being unseated by a democratic house late iu the first session, his 
seat being given to Mr. Wallace, his competitor. McKinley has been three times “ gerrymandered.” In 
1878 he was placed in a district consisting of the counties of Stark, Wayue, Ashland and Portage, which 
was democratic by 1,800, but McKinley carried it by 1,300. 

In 1884 he was placed iu a district consisting of Stark, Summit, Medina and Wayne, and was elected 
by over 2,000. Under the infamous Price “ gerrymander ” of 1890 his district was made up of Stark, 
Wayne, ISIediua and Holmes, which had given Governor Campbell the year before 2,900 majority, but ou 
the fullest vote ever polled iu the district, Mr. McKinley reduced this majority to 303. Mr. McKinley 
received 2,500 more votes iu the district than had been received by Harrison for President iu 1888 iu the 
same district. While iu congress Mr. McKinley sen-ed ou the committee of the Revision of the Laws, 
the Judiciary Committee, the Committee of Expenditures, of the Postoffice Department, aud the Com¬ 
mittee on Rules, and when General Garfield was nominated for the Presidency Mr. McKinley was assigned 
to the Committee ou Ways and Means iu his place, and he continued to serve on the last named com¬ 
mittee until the end of his congressional career, being chairman of that committee during the last con¬ 
gress, and was the author of the famous tariff law which bears his name. 

He was delegate-at-large to the national convention of 18S4, and supported Mr. Blaine for the Presi¬ 
dency. He was also delegate-at-large to the national convention of 1888, when he supported Mr. Sher¬ 
man At the latter convention his name was sprung for the Presidential nomination, but iu a speech 
which was characteristic of the man he forbade the use of his name for the reason that he had pledged 
his loyalt3' to Sherman. He was chairman of the committee on resolutions at both conventions. 

On June 7, 1891, Major McKinley was nnanimously nominated by the Ohio republicans for gov¬ 
ernor, and afler'one of the most hotly contested campaigns iu the history of the state, he was elected by 

a plurality of 21,511. , , , r.v j 1 . 

At the Ohio republican state conveutiou, 1892, Governor IVIcKinley was elected one of the delegates- 
at-large to the republican national convention at Minneapolis ; he was made chairman of the Ohio dele¬ 
gation and permanent chairman of the convention. At this convention his name was placed in nomina¬ 
tion against his wishes, for President; and his own delegation (save his own vote, which was cast every 
time for Harrison) voted solid for McKinley, and the strong support he received from other states made 
it look favorable to his nomination ; but he was true to Harrison, and would not permit his name to 

interfere^^^^^^^ McKinley’s great popularity with the masses of the people was never more fully demon¬ 
strated than at the Columbian dedication exercises iu Chicago, October 20 and 21, 1892, as all along the 
twelve to fifteen miles of march he was wildly greeted with the most enthusiastic excitement. 














OKLAHOMA TEMPORARY TERRITORIAL CAPITOL AT GUTHRIE. 


Last session of legislature met in this building. 


102 



























ABRAHAM J. SEAY. 


Governor of Oklahoma, 

Was born in Amherst county, Virginia, on November 28, 1832. When he 
was three years old his parents moved to Osage county, Missouri. His 
early education was ver}* limited, and when he reached the age of twent}'- 
one he could scarce!}' more than read or write. He .started out with a deter¬ 
mination to. win, however, and surely he has .succeeded. Working by the 
day, he earned sufficient money to pay his way through the Steeleville, Mis¬ 
souri Academy and then studied law in the same town, paying his way by 
his own exertions. 

He was admitted to the bar three days before the firing on Fort Sumter, 
and, though most of his people sided with the Confederacy, he soon enlisted 
in the Union army and marched away for four years’ hard work and fight¬ 
ing. He entered as a private, but in August, 1864, he was mu.stered out a 
colonel of the 32d Infantry', Missouri Volunteers, having filled all the inter¬ 
mediate positions. 

He began the practice of law at Steeleville, and in 1868 was appointed 
circuit attorney for the Ninth Judicial Circuit of Missouri, and held that 
position for two years ; was elected judge of the Ninth Judicial Circuit of 
Missouri in the spring of 1875 and again in 1880, serving twelve years on 
the circuit bench. 

In the .spring of 1890 he was appointed associate justice of the supreme 
court of Oklahoma, which office he held until he was qualified as governor 
of Oklahoma Territory on February i, 1892, being appointed by President 
Harri.son. 

Governor Seay was always looked upon as one of the ablest law}'ers in 
his .section of the state. His present home is in Kingfisher, Oklahoma 


Territory. 














OREGOX vSTATE CAPITOL AT SALEM. 

Corner stone laid in 1S72. Completed 1893. 


104 



































SYLVESTER PENNOYER, 

Governor of Oregon, 

Was born in Groton, Tompkins comity, New York, in 1831. 

Selecting the law as a profession he was educated to that end, and 
graduated in the law department of Harvard College in 1854. 

Migrating west he became editor of a paper and subsequently went into 
the lumber business and was one of the largest lumber dealers on the Pacific 
slope. 

In 1890 he was elected governor of Oregon on the democratic ticket by 
5033 majority. 

During the campaign of 1892, Governor Pennoyer astonished his friends 
by renouncing allegiance to the democratic party and coming out in strong 
terms in advocacy of the people’s party. In a public speech Governor 
Penno5^er gives his reasons for deserting the party that ha.s honored him, 
and which are as follows : “I speak in defen,se of the self-same measures 
I have heretofore advocated upon all occasions, though in so doing I find 
myself outside the political organization to which I formerly belonged. It 
is neither my fault nor my misfortune. It is the fault if not the misfortune 
of the late democratic party, which, having abandoned its principles, now 
ought by right to abandon its name. Two years ago, in Oregon, republi¬ 
cans as well as democrats demanded free coinage. Now both parties are 
supporting candidates pledged against free coinage, and either of whom 
would veto any bill passed in its favor. Protective tariff to be effective must 
be unjust, and its effectiveness is in exact ratio with its injustice. The 
Cleveland party has not only allied itself with the republican party in favor 
of bank rag money and monometalism, but jumped aboard the same platform 


on the tariff.” 










PENNSYLVANIA STATE CAPITOL AT HARRISBURG. 

Corner stone laid in 1S19, and occupied by legislature in 1822. 


106 

































ROBERT E. PATTISON, 

Governor of Pennsylvania, 

Was born iu Qiiantico, Maryland, December 8, 1850. When six years old, his father, Robert Henry 
Pattison, was appointed to Asbury church, Philadelphia, where he moved with his family. Yonng 
Robert obtained his education in the public schools of that city, and was graduated from the central 
high school, delivering the valedictory address. 

In 1869, on the recommendation of Professor Riche, of the high school, he entered the law office of 
Lewis C. Cassidy, then one of the most brilliant advocates of the Philadelphia bar, and was admitted to 
practice in 1872, He had good prospect of success as a lawyer, but his career was destined to be political 
rather than legal. 

In 1S77 he was named as a candidate of the democratic party for auditor-general of Pennsylvania, 
and on the first ballot in the convention stood next to William P. Schell, who was nominated and 
elected. A few months later, at the suggestion of Mr. Cassidy, he was the democratic nominee for city 
controller of Philadelphia. This department, like others in the city government at the time, was badly 
managed, and if he should be elected he would have a task of reform before him that needed a good 
(leal of experience and a very level head. The people were ripe for revolt, and he was elected controller 
by a majority of 2,000, although the republican candidates on the state ticket carried the city by 6,000 
majority. 

Mr. Pattison entered upon his duties January i, 1878, and recognizing the fact that he had been 
elected to reform the office and its methods, he set about his work with a determination to honestly 
administer its affairs. He found the credit of the city impaired ; its paper at a discount in the money 
market. But by adopting a funding plan order was brought out of chaos, and such was the appreciation 
of his services by the people that at the expiration of his three-year term he was reelected by a majority 
of 13,593 over his contestant, one of the most esteemed citizens and successful merchants of Philadelphia. 
This was not a triumph of party, but one due to the personal and exceptional ability with which Mr. 
Pattison had discharged his office, for it was at a time when the republican candidate for President 
carried the city by over 20,<xio majority. This popularity placed him, in 1882, as an available candidate 
for governor. 

After a close and vigorous contest in the state convention he was nominated, and in November of 
that year was elected by a plurality of 40.202 over his republican opponent, Gen. James A. Beaver, 
although for thirty years previously his party had been in a minority in the state. This result was due 
more to his vigorous and independent personality and to his successful administration of the financial 
affairs of the metropolis than to the dissensions in the republican ranks at that particular time. 

During his administration the finances of the state were economically managed, and the state debt 
steadily reduced. Under the constitution of Pennsylvania the governor cannot succeed himself, so that 
at the end of his term, January 18, 1887, he retired from office. 

Upon returning to private life, he resumed the practice of law in Philadelphia. Three mouths 
later he was elected president of the Chestnut Street National Bank. He had previously declined the 
auditorship of the treasury, tendered him by President Cleveland, but afterward accepted an appoint¬ 
ment as Pacific Railroad commissioner, and was elected president of that commission. His report on 
the relations of that corporation to the government is one of the ablest and most valuable papers iu the 
financial history of the land-aided roads and on the existing status of their debt to the government. On 
the completion of his work as head of the commission, he returned to Philadelphia and devoted his 
attention to the bank. He was a lay delegate to the general conference of the Methodist Epi-scopal 
church in 1S84 and 1S88 ; in 1890 fraternal delegate to the general conference of the Methodist Episcopal 
church South; and iu 1891 a delegate to the Methodist (Ecumenical Council, held iu Washington, D. C. 
In 1884 Dickinson College conferred upon him the degree of Doctor of Laws. In 1890, owing to the errors 
of the republican party, the democracy seized the golden opportunit}' and again nominated Mr. Pattison 
to the executive office. His campaign was a vigorous and aggressive one, and his speeches were masterly 
presentations of the real issues before the people. 

For the second time he carried Pennsylvania on a platform of reform, being elected by a majority 
of 16 554, although the republican candidates for lieutenant-governor and the secretary of internal affairs 
were elected by majorities above 20 , 000 . His victory gave him a position of national importance. He 
was inaugurated January 20, 1S91, for the term of four years. 











RHODE ESLAND vSTATE CAPITOE AT PROVIDENCE. 

Erected in 1759. 


RHODE ISLAND STATE CAPITOL 

Erected in 1741. 


AT NEWPORT. 


Tlie State governnient is inaugurated the last Tuesday in May at Newport. The General Assembly holds a short session of one week there, and then adjourns to 

Providence to meet according to law the third Tuesday in January, when the real business sessions are held. 
































































D. RUSSELL BROWN, 

Governor of Rhode Island, 

Is a son of Abra Harrison and Harriet Marilla (Dart, Brown. He was born in Bolton, 
Connecticut, March 28, 1848, and attended the district school in Bolton, the academy at 
Manchester, Connecticut, and studied also in Hartford. Having an academic education, 
he entered the employ of Trumbull Newcomb, hardware merchant at Rockville, Con¬ 
necticut. Two years later he was made head clerk and salesman in the store of Francis 
& Co., Hartford. 

In January, 1870, he came to Providence and took charge of the mill supply store 
of Cyrus White. In April of the same year he formed a partnership with William But¬ 
ler and his son, W. C. Butler, purchased the business of Mr. White, and under the name 
of Butler, Brown & Co. transacted a large business in mill supplies. This firm was dis¬ 
solved in 1S77 by the death of W. C. Butler. A new company was then formed, admit¬ 
ting his brother, H. Martin Brown, and Charles H. Child to partnership under the name 
of Brown Brothers & Co., which continues at the present time. This concern is the 

largest of its kind in this country and is widely and favorably known at home and 
abroad. 

Governor Brown takes a great interest in all that concerns the city and state. His 
sympathy with charitable and educational institutions makes him a helpful member or 
director and a liberal donor. In 18S0 he was elected to the common council and served 
four years. In 1SS5 he was nominated by the republican party for mayor of Providence, 
but declined the nomination. In 1888 he was a presidential elector from this state. 
Aside from his personal business. Governor Brown’s interests are widespread, he occu¬ 
pying many prominent positions of trust, among which are those of vice-president of 
the City Savings Bank, director of the Old National Bank and president of the Home 
Investment Company, of Providence, and vice-president of the 'National Republican 
League. In social and private life he is one of the best known men in the state, being 
an enthusiastic member of the Beneficent Congregational Church, Young Men’s Chris¬ 
tian Association, Art Club, Talma Club, Athletic Club, Advance Club, Business Men’s 
Association, Board of Trade, Athenaeum, Commercial Club, Pomhani Club, West .Side 
Club, Rhode Island Art Institute, Rhode Island Historical Society, Rhode Island Horti¬ 
cultural Society, Rhode Island Society Sons of American Revolution, Royal Society of 
Good Fellows, Franklin Lyceum, past master of Adelphi Lodge of Masons, member of 
St. John’s Commandery, Norfolk Club, Boston ; Grand Lodge of Plumed Knights, and in 
the affairs of each of which he evinces the same deep interest and push which has char¬ 
acterized his business career. 

He was elected governor of Rhode Island and inaugurated in May, 1892. 


109 






SOUTH CAROLINA STATE 


CAPITOL AT COLUMBIA. 


Corner stone laid in 1853. Finished inside in 1S90. 


no 


















































































B. R. TILLMAN, 

Governor of South Carolina, 

Was born August ii, 1S47, in Edgefield county, South Carolina, of revolutionary stock 
The youngest of eleven children. Brother of G. D. Tillman, who has beeu a member of 
confess smce 1S78. Father died when two years old. Mother, a woman of strong 
mind, gave early training and direction to character. Went to old field schools until 
fonrteen, then to Bethany Academy, at liberty Hill, till seventeen years old. Acquiring 
a air knowledge of Latin, geometry and algebra sufficient to enter the sophomore class 
in college. Did not enter the Confederate army as he was taken sick in July, 1864 and 
was an invalid for two years, during which he lost an eye from abscess produced by 
inflammation resulting from hard study by lightwood knot fires. The death of an elder 
brother in 1S66 threw the whole responsibility of managing a large plantation on his 
shoulders. Lived in Florida two years, and married in 1868 a Georgia lady, Miss Sallie 
Starke. Returned to Edgefield in 1869 and devoted himself to farming in which he was 
successful. Took no part in politics until the Hampton campaign in 1876. Then an 
aggressive leader in the struggle for white supremacy, taking part in the Ned Tennant, 
Hamburg and EHenton riots. Though asked to run for the legislature, refused and 
devoted himself to studying the science of agriculture. Realized the need of suitable 
training for farmers, and a more diversified system of farming and creation of new 
industries in South Carolina. Began to agitate for a farmer’s college through the press 
and on the stump in 1886, but steadily refused to run for office. A voracious appetite 
for reading had given him a good acquaintance with the best English authors, and his 
style of writing was so incisive and captivating that he soon gathered a strong following. 
The agitation for industrial and scientific training for poor boys broadened into a demand 
for reform in politics, which were in a state of stagnation because of the convention 
system of nominating in the democratic party, and the existence, as he charged, of an 
oligarchy of office holders, consisting of the members of the old aristocratic families of 
the state. The ring was too well intrenched in 1886 and 1888 to be overthrown, but 
1890, Captain Tillman (so called because of his connection with the Edgefield hussars — 
a famous old cavalry organization), was put forward by the reform wing of democracy 
as a suitable candidate for governor, and entered upon the famous canvass with General 
Earle, which resulted in his election to the executive office by a vote in convention 
of 270 out of 320. 

General Earle, although one of the best lawyers in the state, was no match for 
Tillman as a stump speaker, and he is considered on the hustings as the best speaker in 
the South. The canvass of 1892, against two other good lawyers, Sheppard and Orr, 
proved this conclusive!}', and he was renominated for a second term by a vote of 264 to 
50 in convention and a popular majority of 22,000. Has never run as an alliance candi¬ 
date, although a member of the order, and has kept down the third party in South 
Carolina by his tact and courage. 


Ill 











SOUTH DAKOTA STATE CAPITOE AT PIERRE. 

Krected in 1SS9-1S90. 






II 2 


































CHARLES H. SHELDON, 

Governor of South Dakota, 

Was born in Johnson, Lamoille count}^ Vermont, September 12, 1840, 
where he lived till the war broke out; then he enlisted in the 7th Vermont 
Infantr>', and went with General Butler to Ship Island. The regiment 
formed part of his ‘ ‘ New England Brigade. ’ ’ 

Was at the taking of New Orleans, and remained there, operating tele¬ 
graph, while the regiment went to Vicksburg and back to Baton Rouge. He 
then fought in the first important battle, in which the colonel, George T. 
Roberts, was killed. The regiment when it landed on vShip Island was 1,035 
strong, in good health. After the battle of Baton Rouge his regiment was 
sent down to New Orleans, nearl}" all sick from expo.sure in digging Butler’s 
canal at Vicksburg, and then were sent to Pensacola, Florida, to recuperate, 
and while there participated in several unimportant battles in We.st Florida. 

Was in the siege of Spanish Fort, and Blakel}^ and the taking of Mobile, 
and in a short battle at Whistler, the next day after taking the city. 

Was judge advocate, general court martial for the district of West 
Florida, and was a recorder of a board of officers appointed by General 
Thomas yj. Sherman at New Orleans, in the winter of 1864, to investigate 
claims against the government property destroyed by the Union troops, and 
examined several claims in different parts of Louisiana. Was also an aid in 
Mobile campaign, and was recorder of a board of officers appointed to inves¬ 
tigate the reported firing into the Federal troops by the Poisano, one of 
Maximilian’s gunboats, on the Rio Grande, in the winter of 1865-6. 

Sensed nearly four and a half years in the 7th Vermont Infantry ; enlisted 
as a private, and was mustered out March 14, 1866, as captain. 

After the war he lived eleven years near Golconda, Pope county, Illinois, 
and was for three years connected with Buckner, Terrell & Co., a leaf 
tobacco commission house in Paducah, Kentucky. 

In the .spring of 1881 he removed to Dakota Territory, and located on the 
farm he still lives on, as his home, near Pierpont, Day county. South 
Dakota. 

Was elected to the territorial council in 1886, for two years, from the dis¬ 
trict consisting of Coddington, Grant, Roberts and Day counties, and was 
permanent chairman of the republican state convention in 1890. 

Received the nomination on the republican ticket for governor in 1892, 
and was successful at the election, November 8. 








TKNXKSSKK STATE CAPITOL AT NASHVILLE. 

Corner .stone laid in 1S45. Completed in 1S55. 


114 



















PETER TURNEY, 

Governor of Tennessee, 

Was born in Jasper, Marion county, Tennessee, September 22, 1827. When 
a young man he selected the study of law as a profession, and was educated 
to that end. His best reference as a succe.ssful and able lawyer is the fact 
that he was chief justice of the supreme court of Tennessee for a number of 
years. 

When the war came on he was one of the first in the field, about six 
months before the state seceded, and was colonel of the ist Tennessee Vol¬ 
unteers, and at the battle of Fredericksburg, Virginia, on December 13, 1862, 
he was severely wounded, the ball passing just under the left side of his 
nose, tearing out most of his teeth, the roof of his mouth, and split his 
tongue almost in two, broke one of his jaw bones, then lodged between the 
artery and large vein in the back of his neck. 

The doctors thought it useless to attempt to remove the ball, as he would 
die before the operation could be completed. His neck was swollen very 
badly and choking him. His wife, who fortunately was with him at the 
time, insisted and begged of the doctors to remove the ball, but they refused, 
saying it was of no use, as he would die in a very short time anyway. 

Mrs. Turney, seeing that the doctors would not yield to her pleadings, 
and that her husband would soon die if he did not get immediate relief, she 
determined to tr\' to perform the operation herself, believing that if the ball 
could be removed he would be relieved. With this faint hope of saving her 
husband’s life, she managed not to allow herself to break down under her 
great burden of grief, and having the courage of a woman in thousands, she 
with a small penknife and a pair of tweezers removed the ball ; he was at 
once relieved, and got well in a few months. Thus he owes his life to his 
noble and courageous wife ; had it not been for her he would have filled a 
soldier’s grave over thirty years ago. 

After recovering from his wounds he was ordered to the command of the 
army in Florida. 

After the war he was elected judge of the supreme court of Tennessee, 
and was reelected twice ; this office he held for twenty-two years and four 
months. 

In 1892 he was placed before the people by the democratic party for gov¬ 
ernor, and was elected by the usual large majority of this party in November. 
During the fall of his election he had quite a severe .sick spell, and was unable 
to go to Nashville to be inaugurated. The oath of office was administered to 
him while .sick at his home in Winche.ster. 




115 





TEXAS STATE CAPITOL AT AUSTIN. 

Corner stone laid 1882. Completed 1S88. Built by J. V. Farwell, C. B. Farwell and Abner Taylor, of Chicag-o, for the 

consideration of 3,000,000 acres of Texas land. 


II6 



































JAMES H. HOGG. 

Governor of Texas. 

Was born near Rusk, in Cherokee county, Texas, March 24, 1851. His 
first busitiess \ entnre was in the establishment of a printing office, and 
became editor of a paper. 

In November, 1873, he was elected justice of the peace of Quitman, 
Wood county, Texas. This office he held till his term expired, about three 
years. While in this office he devoted his leisure hours in pursuing the 
study of law, and was admitted to the bar in March, 1875, and in Novem¬ 
ber, 1878, was elected county attorney of WTod county for a term of two 
years, and at the expiration of the term he was elected district attorney for 
the Seventh Judicial District, consisting of W^ood, Upsher, Gregg, Hender¬ 
son, Van Zant and Smith counties. This office was for a term of two years, 
expiring in November, 1882, when he was reelected for another term. At 
the expiration of this term he moved in December, 1884, to Tyler, Smith 
county, and resumed the practice of his profession, and soon built up a very 
large and lucrative practice, and was looked upon by the courts as being one 
of the ablest lawyers in this section of the state. 

Was married in April, 1874, to Miss Sallie Stinson, of WTod county, and 
by this union they have four bright and lovely children, William, born in 
1875 ; Miss Ima, 1883 ; Mike, 1886, and Tom, 1888. 

In November, 1886, he was elected attorney general of the state and was 
reelected in 1888. During the two terms he held the office of attorney-gen¬ 
eral he became so favorably known throughout the .state that when the time 
came to .select a candidate for governor in 1890 it was found that he was the 
most popular man in the democratic party for the place, consequently he was 
nominated and elected in November for a term of two years. His adminis¬ 
tration was conducted in .such a manner that it was highly indorsed by the 
masses of the people. This fact was full}" proven by his being renominated 
for governor and elected in November, 1892. 


”7 










The txovernor and I’tah Connnission occupj^ this huihline 'ri i • i . 

legislature meets in this building, the City Hall. 



UTAH TEMPORARY TERRITORIAL CAPITOL BUILDINGS 




















































ARTHUR L. THOMAS, 

Governor of Utah, 

Was born in Chicago, August 22, 1851, is of straight Welch descent, and 
has been in pubhc life ever since he was seventeen years of age. 

His first experience in official life was being appointed clerk in the house 
of representatives at Washington, District of Columbia, in April, 1869. This 
office he held till April, 1879. 

Then he was appointed by President Hayes as secretary of state for the 
territory of Utah, and was reappointed- by President Arthur in 1883, serving 
until April, 1887, in all eight years, a longer period than any other secretary 
in the history of the territory. 

Mr. Thomas was also supervisor of census for Utah in 1880, and special 
agent for the collection of statistics of the Mormon and other churches, and 
of public, private and denominational schools in Utah in 1881. 

He was also elected a member of the commission to compile and revi.se 
laws of Utah, by the legislative assembly of Utah in 1884. 

He was appointed a member of the Utah commission by President Cleve¬ 
land in December, 1886, to succeed A. S. Paddock, elected United States 
senator from Nebraska, serving until April, 1889, when he was appointed 
by President Harrison governor of Utah, the appointment having been 
tendered to him. 

Governor Thomas is largely interested in Salt Lake City, and is con¬ 
nected with the Utah Title Insurance and Trust Company Savings’ Bank, 
and has been officially connected at different times, with many public insti¬ 
tutions in Utah, in the capacity of director or trustee. 

Governor Thomas issued the call for the great irrigation congress held at 
Salt Lake City, Utah, in September, 1891, which was attended by many 
distinguished men, and which adopted resolutions declaring in favor of the 
cession of the arid lands to the several states and territories to aid in the 
development of irrigation. 

In politics he is a republican, but in Utah in local politics he has been 
identified with the liberal party, composed of democrats and republicans. 




119 










VKRMOXT STATE CAPITOL AT MONTPELIER. 

Corner stone laid in 1S57. Completed in 1S59. 


120 


















































































LEVI K. FULLER, 

Governor of Vermont, 

\\ as born ill Westmoreland, New Hampshire, February 24, 1841. In 1845 
his parents moved to Windham county, and at the age of thirteen the boy 
set to make his own way in the world, coming to Brattleboro, where he 
worked at the printer s trade, attended the high school and learned teleo-- 
raphy. He subsequently went to Boston, where he served an apprentice- 
s lip 111 the machinist s trade, acting at the same time as evening operator at 
the merchant’s exchange. He there formed habits of careful study and 
obsen^ation in scientific matters which he has maintained through life, and 
his library in this respect is very large and complete. In i860 Mr Fuller 
first became connected with the Estey Organ Company, at Brattleboro, Ver¬ 
mont, as engineer and machinist, and in 1866 became a member of the firm. 
Ever since that time his energies have been faithfully devoted to the interests 
of the concern, and he has been an important factor in building up the busi¬ 
ness and placing it where it stands today, the leading indu.stry of its kind in 
the world. Mr. Euller is now vice-president of the company.* 

. private business interests, however, have not prevented him from par¬ 
ticipating actively in public affairs, both local and otherwise. He has held 
important town and village offices, is a trustee of the Brattleboro Savings Bank, 
and of the free library, and has done much for the promotion of Brattleboro 
intere.sts in many waj^s. His interest in educational matters is well known, 
and his most important work in this direction being in connection with the 
Vermont Academy at Saxton’s River, to which his gifts have been liberal in 
time and money. Under Mr. Fuller’s lead as president of the board of 
trustees that school holds high rank among the institutions of its kind in 
New England. He organized and has commanded, since 1874, the Fuller 
Light Battery, Vermont National Guard. This battery was the first to 
receive the new model United States guns, and is reported by regular army 
officers as second to no similar organization in the country. 

In 1880 Colonel Fuller was elected to the state senate from his count}’, 
taking an active part in the important legislation enacted at that session, 
including what was then known as the “ new tax law,” the measure which 
has since been in force, equalizing the burdens of taxation and commending 
itself to the public more and more each succeeding year. On account of the 
familiarity which Colonel Fuller had acquired with the provisions of the new 
law he was made chairman of the Brattleboro Board of Listers in 1881, and 
in that position his serv’ices were invaluable in directing it into smooth and ea.sy 
operation in Brattleboro and throughout Windham county. As a member of 
the state senate. Colonel Fuller served as chairman of the committees on 
military affairs and on railroads. In i886he was elected lieutenant governor 
of Vermont, filling that position with honor to himself and to the .state, and 
proving himself one of the best equipped presiding officers which the senate 
has ever had. 

In 1892 Colonel Fuller was elected governor of Vermont by over 18,000 
majority. 





I2I 








VIRGINIA STATE CAPITOL AT RICHMOND. 

Corner stone laid in 17S5. Completed in 1796. 


122 



















































PHILIP w. McKinney, 

Governor of Virginia, 

Was boru in the county of Buckingham, Virginia, May ., 1S32. His father, Charles McKinney, was a 
highly respected and induential merchant at New Store, in Buckingham county. 

Philip was educated at home under first-class instructors secured by his father and neighbors for 
their sons until prepared for college, and in 1849, at the age of seventeen, he entered Hampden-Sidney. 
He developed an aptitude for study and especially for public speaking, and so proficient did he become 
in this art that when he was graduated in 1851 the Philanthropic Society, of which he was a member, 
presented him with a gold medal, the first that had ever been given, and which has since been the dis¬ 
tinguished mark of the society in each graduating class. 

Having graduated from Hampden-Siduey, young McKinney went to Lexington to study law under 
Judge J. W . Brockeubrough, then in charge of the law school of Washington College. Having graduated 
in law in 1853, he returned to his home to practice his profession in his native county, but this he was not 
permitted to do. His talents and attainments were recognized by his fellow citizens and claimed for his 
county and state. As the nomiuee of the whig party he at once entered upon an active and spirited con¬ 
test for a seat in the legislature, and when just twenty-one was elected by a decided majority over Mr. 
W. B. Sheppard, who had previously overcome all opposition. He served as a delegate from Bucking¬ 
ham in the legislature four successive terms till the breaking out of the war in 1S61, when he was elected 
captain of a company of cavalry composed of the flower of the youth of Buckingham and adjoining 
counties. His company was assigned to the 4th Regiment, commanded by Colonel William C. Wickham, 
and was a part of that command which made the name of Stuart, Fitz Lee and others household words 
in Virginia. 

Captain McKinney continued in command until the battle of Brandy Station, when he was 
severely wounded and incapacitated from further service in the field. Upon his partial recovery he was 
assigned to conscript duty at Danville, and was in command of that post at the surrender in 1S65. 

At the close of the war, finding that the ample fortune left him by his father in part, and in part 
acquired by marriage, had been swept away, he in 1865 removed to the town of Farinville and resumed 
the practice of his profession. He at once took rank among the foremost men of his profession, and his 
aid and advice were soon in demand from men in all of the adjoining counties who sought to repair or 
escape the financial ruin resulting from the war. In many of the important suits in Southside Virginia 
he was an active and leading counsel, and such was the force and influence of his eloquence that few 
were willing to go before courts or juries without his aid. 

The people of Prince Kdward at the first election made him the commonwealth's attorney, which 
office he held till by negro votes the choice of the people was prevented, and whenever since that time 
the office has been filled by appointment he has been the appointee. 

Amid the arduous and extensive duties of his profession he has always found time to respond to 
the calls which have been made upon him to represent the people of Virginia on the stump. He was 
the democratic candidate for congress against Stowell, the carpetbagger; was a presidential elector; 
was the nominee of the party for attorney-general on the Daniel ticket, and in every state and national 
canvass, whether himself on the ticket or not, has gone at the call of his party to speak wherever those 
in command thought he was most needed. He was delegate in 1884 to Chicago and in 1888 to .St. Louis. 

Was elected governor of Virginia in the fall of 1891 and inaugurated January, 1892, for a term of 
two years. 

Governor McKinney has been twice married. His first wife. Miss Nannie Christian, who died in 
1858, left him one son, who is now serrdng in the United States Geographical Survey Corps in Colorado. 

He was again married in 1886 to Miss Annie Lyle, of Farinville. One daughter, Frank Irving 
(named for Judge F. D. In-ing, the life-long friend and former partner of her father), is the only issue of 
this marriage. 





123 




WASHINGTON STATE CAPITOL AT OLYMPIA. 

PLected in 1854-1S55. 


124 





















































JOHN H. McGRAW, 


Governor of Washington, 


Wasboru on Barker plantation, Penob.scot county, Maine, October 4, 1850, When he was a little more 
than two years old his father was drowned in the Penob.scot river. His mother was left with three small 
children, and in very humble circumstances. 


W hen eight j^ears old his mother married a second time. 

His home life after this event was not a pleasant one, and when he was fourteen years old he left 
home because of a disagreement with his stepfather, and at this young age he started out to battle with 
the world, and relj’ entirely upon his own exertions. 

His limited education had been acquired during a few terms attendance at a country school. In 
spite of all disadvantages he succeeded in inaiutaining himself, and when seventeen years of age he was 
employed as manager of a general merchandise store. 

He continued in this position for four years, and then embarked in a similar bnsiue.ss in company 
with an elder brother. Having established himself in business with bright prospects, he took unto him¬ 
self a r\ife, October 12, 1874. In the winter of 1875-6, the firm of McGraw Brothers was numbered among 
the victims of the business depression then prevailing, and he was once more thrown aPogether upon 
his own resources. 


Believing fate to be against him in Maine, he started west and landed in Seattle July 16, 1876. His 
situation on arriving in Seattle was but little better than it was when he left the house of his stepfather 
twelve years before. He had no thought of discouragement; his first employment in Seattle was a clerk 
at the Occidental Hotel. He next kept the American House and a small hotel located near Yesler's 
wharf. Misfortune again overtook him ; this hotel was destroyed by fire, and he was again compelled to 
seek employment. He then obtained a position on the police force of Seattle, then consisting of four 
men. He doubtless thought as he paced his beat during the long weary hours of night that he was 
doomed to misfortune and poverty. But such was not true, for this was the turning point of his life. 
Unknowingly he had entered upon a career which was to give him a position among the foremost men of 
the Pacific Northwest. In July, 1879, he was elected city marshal, and the city council also chose him as 


chief of police. 

In February, 1882, he was elected sheriff of King county to fill the uuexpired term of L. V. Wycoff; 
was reelected to this office in November, 1882, and in 18S4. 


During his third term occurred the anti-Chinese agitation with its accompanying disturbance of 
the peace. He promptly made known his intentions to uphold the laws and maintain the peace of the 
county at any cost, and it was owing to this positive attitude, as well as to the tact and good judgment 
which he displayed that the city was enabled to pass through the ordeal without a disastrous conflict 
between the law-abiding and the law-defying citizens. 

During his occupancy of the office of sheriff, he devoted much of his leisure time to the .study of 


law and was admitted to the bar shortly after his term expired. 

He entered into partnership with R. S. Green and C. H. Hanford, and began the practice of law. 
Shortly afterward J. F. McNaught entered the firm, and under the name of Green, Hanford, McNaught 
& McGraw, it became one of the foremost legal firms of Washington. 

Mr. McGraw continued in active practice of the law less than two years. As the election of 1888 
approached the people insisted that he should once more become a candidate for sheriff. He consented 
to become a candidate for the office, and was elected by an overwhelming majority. In 1S90 he positively 
refused to be a candidate for reelection, and at the expiration of his term he devoted himself to the ser¬ 
vices of the First National Bank, of which institution he had some months before been chosen president. 
In 1892 he was urged by his party to enter the gubernatorial race, which he consented to do, and 

was elected after a hot contest by a surprising majority. r 1,- 

Governor McGraw is an ardent republican, and is one of the acknowledged leaders of his party 
in the state of Washington. Has been chosen chairman of the state central committee for several years. 




125 











WEST \'IRGINIA STATE CAPITOL AT CHARLESTON. 

Corner stone laid in iSSi. Completed in 18S5. 


126 

























WILLIAM A. MacCORKLE, 

Governor of West Virginia, 

\\ as born near Lexington, Rockbridge count}-, Virginia, on INIay 7, 1858. 
He is the oldest son of the late W illiain AlacCorkle, also a native of Rock¬ 
bridge county, Virginia. He comes from a long line of Scotch Pre.sbyterinn 
ministers and elders. When William was only four years old his father died, 
ha\ ing remot ed with his family to Alissouri. Previous to the war the elder 
MacCorkle was in excellent circumstances, but near the close of the war he 
was utterly broken up by the invasion of the Federal armies into Virginia. 
Whlliam and his mother had a struggle in life, but the boy was remarkable 
for his energy and perseverance, and worked hard to support his mother. 
Mrs. MacCorkle and her three children returned to Virginia, and William 
entered the Washington and Lee University at Lexington, from which he 
subsequently graduated (from the law course in that in.stitution) when only 
twenty }-ears of age. He w^as a remarkably hard student. His mother states 
that while attending .school he w'buld, if permitted, sit up all night and 
study, and that he had often been found long after midnight lying across the 
table wdth his head buried in a book. Hard labor has been the foundation 
of his success. Soon after graduating from Washington and Lee University 
he came to Charleston to seek his fortune. He arrived here in the year 1879 
almost pennile.ss, and taught one term of a private school. By this means he 
w-as able to support himself and at the .same time render .some assistance to his 
w-idowed mother, till he w-as enabled to gain .some practice in the profession 
of law. He succeeded in building up a lucrative practice, and since his resi¬ 
dence in Charleston has been very successful at the bar. The only civil office 
he has ever held or sought was that of city .solicitor of Charleston, which he 
held for three consecutive terms. At present he is largely intere.sted financially 
in various business interests of Charleston and of the state. He has given a great 
deal of thought and labor to the material development of West Virginia. 

In the fall of 1892 Mr. MacCorkle w-as elected governor of West Virginia, 
and inaugurated March 4, 1893. 



« I 






WISCONSIN STATP: CAPITOL AT :\IADISON. 

Corner stone laid in 1837. Completed in 1S69. 


128 
















GEORGE W. PECK, 

Governor of Wisconsin, 

Was born in Henderson, Jefferson county, New York, on September 28, 1840. 
His family removed to Wisconsin in 1843. He attended the common schools 
until fifteen years old ; then he learned the printer’s trade, and in 1861 he 
became a newspaper proprietor, but later entered the army and served till 
the close of the war. 

In 1867 he was elected city treasurer of Ripon, Wisconsin, and in 1872 
was appointed chief of police at LaCrosse, Wisconsin. 

Was chief clerk of the Wisconsin assembly in 1874 and 1875. 

After having three years of journalistic career in New York city, he 
returned to Milwaukee, Wisconsin, and then started the paper known as 
Peck's Shu, which not only brought him a comfortable fortune, but made his 
name a household word. 

He was elected mayor of Milwaukee (his pre.sent home) in April, 1890, 
but resigned in December of the same year, having been elected governor of 
Wisconsin November 5, 1890, for a term of two years. 

Mr. Peck had the good fortune to be nominated for governor at a time 
when the Bennett school law was a prominent issue, and when the country 
was aroused over the tariff legi.slation of the Fifty-first Congress, both of which 
questions were favorable to his success. He is an ardent Cleveland man, and 
fully indorses the President’s views on all leading questions. 

His administration as governor proved so satisfactory and increased his 
popularity with the people to such an extent that the democratic party saw 
that he was the man to again place in nomination for governor to insure 
carr^-ing the state ticket to success in 1892. And when the election returns 
came in for the election of November 8, the facts were more than proven. 
Governor Peck having received over 178,000 votes, the largest vote ever 
polled by any candidate in the state. 










< 



f 


WYOMING STATE CAPITOL AT CHEYENNE. 

Corner stone laid in 1SS5. Completed in 1S89. 


130 













































JOHN E. OSBORNE. 

Governor of Wyoming, 

YOUNGEST GOVERNOR IN THE UNITED .STATES, 


Was born of poor parents, on June 19. 1858, in Westport, Essex county. New York ; attended the common 
schools of his town, from which he graduated at the age of fifteen ; was then apprenticed to Dr. E. M. 
Kent, a druggist, in the town of Bristol, Vermont ; after having completed his apprenticeship he began 
the study'of medicine, working in the drug store during the summer months, and attending medical 
lectures during the winter in the University of Vermont, at Burlington, from which institution he grad¬ 
uated with honors in the class of 1880. 


Immediately after graduating. Dr. Osborne returned to Bristol, Vermont, where he again entered 
the drug store in which he had served his apprenticeship, to earn money enough to pay his passage to 
the far west. As soon as this had been accumulated he borrowed enough more money to purcliase a few 
books and instruments, and went to Wyoming, locating in the frontier town of Rawlins, at which point 
he immediately embarked in the active practice of his profession ; his close attention to his professional 
engagements, combined with the skill exhibited as a physician and surgeon, soon made for him a place 
at the head of the medical profession of the state ; as soon as his earnings would permit, he launched 
out in the drug business, building up one of the largest wholesale and retail drug houses in the state ; " 
few years later he engaged in the sheep business, in a small way, and is now the largest individual sheep 
owner in Wyoming, his flocks numbering over 20,000 ; his wool clip for 1892 netted him over |i7,ooo. 

He has organized and identified himself with numerous other enterprises, among which may be 


mentioned the Rawlins Electric Eight Company, the Rawlins Hotel Company, the Rawlins Wool Storage 
Company, the Rawlins Building and Loan Association, and the First National Bank. In the first two 
incorporations mentioned he holds the office of president. He has invested heavily in real estate in 
Rawlins, the city he has chosen for his home, and is today recorded in the city treasurer’s office as the 


largest individual taxpayer in said city. In 1883 he was elected to the Wyoming territorial legislature ; 
a few years later he was appointed by Governor Moonlight to the office of chairman of the Territorial 
Penitentiary' Building Commission ; in 18S8 he was elected by an overwhelming majority as mayor of the 
city of Rawlins, in which capacity he served for the term of one y’ear, and refused the reuomination at 
the expiration of that time on account of his profes.sional and other business engagements. His admin¬ 
istration is still referred to as the most conserr-ative and best the city has ever had. In 1886 the I nion 


Pacific Railway' Company, recognizing his skill as a surgeon, appointed him as their surgeon, giving him 
charge of the surgical department of the Wyoming division of the Union Pacific system. 

Governor Osborne has always been prominently identified with the Masonic order, and is at pres¬ 
ent past-eminent commander of the Order of Knights Templar, and past high priest of the Chapter of 
Royal Arch Masons. He was elected, in June, 1892, an alternate to the national convention held m 
Chicago which nominated Grover Cleveland to the Presidency. On July 27 he was elected as one of the 
delegates representing Carbon county to a state convention called at Rock Springs, Wyoming, for the 
purpose of placing in nomination candidates for state offices, to be balloted on November 8. Governor 
Osborne was chosen unanimously as the candidate for governor, notwithstanding the fact that he pro¬ 
tested ao-ainst such nomination, and personally withdrew his name from before the convention. A ter 
an arduous campaign, during which he rode almost 1,000 miles in an open buckboard thrmigh the twelve 
large counties of the state, any one of which is as large in area as several of the New England states 
combined, resulted in overcoming a former republican majority of 1,700, and in electing him governor y 
a majority of 1,800. He received the highest vote of any candidate on the democratic state ticket, car- 
riLl his own county, heretofore republican, by a majority of 280 ; carried his own city, which has a repub- 

lican his popularity and personal magnetism, and it is safe to say 

that JZrnor Osborne is today a striking example of one of America’s most noted self-made characters, 
with a flattering future in store. He is devoted to the interests of his adopted state. 






HISTORY OF THE SUPREME COURT OF THE UNITED STATES. 


K 


i 


In 1789 a bill wa.s pa.s.sed b}' congress and approved by George Washington. It provided that a Supreme Court of the United States be established, and 
should consist of a chief ju.stice and five associate justices, aii}" four of whom should be a quorum, and should hold annually at the seat of government two 
sessions. The associate justices were to rank according to the date of their commi.s.sion.s, or when their commissions bore date on the same daj' according to 
their respective ages. 

The Court wa.s empowered to appoint a clerk, and his oath of office Avas prescribed. The oath of the justices of the Supreme Court Avas directed to be 
that thej aaouM administer ju.stice Avithout respect to persons, and do equal right to the poor and to the rich,” and that thej' AA'ould faithfully and impartially 

perform all the duties incumbent upon them, according to the be.st of their abilities and understanding, agreeably to the constitution and laAA^s of the United 
States. 

It AAas proA ided that the Supreme Court should haA’e exclusiA'e jurisdiction of all controA'ersies of a civil nature AAdiere a state is a partjq except betAA'een a 
state and its citizens ; and except also betAveen a state and citizens of other states, or aliens, in Avhich latter ca.se it shall liaA'e original, but not exclusiA^e 
jurisdiction ; and shall haA'e exclusiA^eh’ all such jurisdiction of suits or proceedings again.st ambassadors or other public ministers or their domestic servants as 
a court of laAA can haA'e or exerci.se consistently Avith the laAA' of nations ; and original, but not exclusiA’e juri.sdiction of all suits brought bj’ amba.ssadors or 
other public ministers, or in Avhich a consul or A’ice-consul shall be a party. 

Finally it Avas provided that an attorney-general for the United States be appointed, Avhose duty it should be to prosecute and conduct all suits in the 
Supreme Court in Avhich the United States should be concerned, and to giA’e adA’ice and opinion upon questions of laAv Avhen required by the President, or 
Avhen requested by the heads of any of the departments touching any matters that may concern their department. 

Such Avere in part the leading features of the first judiciary act of the United States, and it only remained for the President to appoint and the .senate to 
confirm judges to fill the positions Avhich had been created in order to organize the judicial department of the gOA’ernment. 

Immediately after Washington signed the judiciary act he sent to the senate the folloAving names : For chief justice, John Jay ; for associate justices, 
John Rutledge, William Cushing, Robert H. Harrison, James Wilson and John Blair. 

On Februarj' 4, 1790, at the Exchange, in the city of Ncav York, then the seat of the national government, the Supreme Court of the United States Avas 
organized and held its first session. 

The establishment of the Supreme Court of the United States Avas the croAvning man-el of the Avonders Avrought by the statesmanship of America. In 
fact the creation of the Supreme Court Avith its appellate poAvers Avas the greate.st conception of the constitution. It embodied the highe.st ideas of moral and 
legal poAver, and although its prototype existed in the superior courts established in the various states, yet the majestic proportions to Avhich the structure was 
carried became sublime. No product of goA-ernment, either here or elseAvhere. has ever approached it iu grandeur. Within its appropriate sphere it is absolute 
in authoritA’. From its mandates there is no appeal. Its decree is laAV. 


I.A2 


In moral influence and dignity it outranks all other judicial tribunals of the world. No court in either ancient or modern times was ever invested with 
such high rights and privileges. Its jurisdiction extends over sovereign states as well as over the humble.st individual. 

It is armed with the right as well as the power to annul in effect the .statutes of a state wdienever they are directed again.st the civil rights, the contracts, 
the currency or the intercourse of the people. It restricts the action of congre.ss to con.stitutional bounds. 

Its judges are .secure from the influences of politics, and the violence of prejudice unattainable in anj' of the states, and far beyond that of the highest 
court in England. \ et its powers are limited and strictly defined. Its decrees are not arbitral^', tjuannical or capricious, but are governed by the mo.st 
scrupulous regard for the sanctity of law'. 

It cannot trespass upon the reserved rights of the .states, or abridge the sacred privileges of local self-government. Its power is never exercised for the 
purpose of gi\ ing effect to the will of the judge, but aUvaj-s for the purpose of giving effect to the will of the legislature, or to the wall of the law. Its 
administration i.s a practical expression of the workings of our sy.stem of libert}' according to lawc 

Its judges are the sw'orn ministers of the con.stitution, and are the high priests of ju.stice. Acknowledging no .superior, and responsible to their consciences 
alone, the}' ow'e allegiance to the constitution and to their own exalted .sense of duty. Instructed and upheld by a highly educated bar, their judgments are 
the ripest fruits of judicial wisdom. Amenable to public opinion, they can be reached in case of necessity by impeachment by the senate of the United States. 
No institution of purely human contrivance presents so many features calculated to inspire both veneration and awe. 

The peculiar nature of the jurisdiction of the court requires the judges to be statesmen and juri.sts. Their decisions are not confined to mere questions of 
commercial law or narrow municipal regulations, but may involve the discussions and settlement of principles w'hich affect the policy and welfare of the nation. 
The Court cannot consider abstract problems, how'ever important, nor can it frame a fictitious i.ssue for argument to satisfy a .speculative interest in the result. 
It cannot anticipate by an hour the solution of a practical difficulty. 

It deals only with the past and present ; it cannot put the remedy in force before the right accrues ; but given a question fairly presented by the pleadings 
in a cause, then how'ever humble the parties to the suit, or how'ever trifling the amount involved, the decision may sweep oeyond the bounds of local customs 
or sectional statutes into the broad domain of international law, or rise into the highest regions of constitutional juri.sprudence. The Court has ahvays upheld 
the national character of our government, and vindicated the national honor. At the same time it has carefully guarded and reserved rights of states. The 
most comprehensive and statesmanlike view's have happily prevailed. 

The Supreme Court moved to Philadelphia in 1791. Its sessions w'ere held in the South Chamber up-stairs of the city hall, corner of Fifth and Chestnut 
streets, where it remained for ten years. On February 4, i8or, the Supreme Court held its first .session in the city of Washington as the seat of the national 
government. 

On February 24, 1807, congress authorized the appointment of an additional associate justice of the Supreme Court, w'hich was thus made to consist of a 
chief justice and six associate justices. This act w'as in answ'er to the demands of the increasing business. 

By an act of March 3, 1837, the number of ju.stices of the Supreme Court w'as increased to nine. 

By one of the earlier acts the justices w'ere assigned to circuits and required by law to hold court in their re.spective circuits at least once in tw'o years. 
This requirement was made on the theor}' that it w'ould tend to harmonize the law' as administered b}' the inferior federal courts, to have a member of the 
Supreme Court sit in the circuit so that the inferior judges might confer and advise with him. 

In 1891 the Circuit Court of Appeals w'as established, w'ith appellate jurisdiction. The object was to relieve the Supreme Court of some portion of its 
enormous w'ork. The Supreme Court is now three years behind its docket. 


I.S 3 


SALARIES OF THE HIGHER OFFICIALS OF THE UNITED STATES. 


Grover Clevelaiul. President of the Ihiited .States. 

Adlai R. Stevenson. Vice-President of the United States 

Cabinet Officers. 

Walter O. Gresham. Secretary of State. 

John G. Carlisle. Secretary of the Treasury. 


Hilary A. Herbert. Secretary of the Navy . .. 

Hoke Smith. Secretary of the Interior 

J. Sterling IMorton. Secretary of Agriculture. 


Supreme Court of the United States. 

Chief Justice Melville W. PMHer. 

Associate Justice Stephen J. I'ield. 

Associate Justice John M. Harlan. 

Associate Justice Horace Gray.. _ 

Associate Justice Samuel Blatchford. 

Associate Justice David J. Brewer. 

Associate Justice Henr}' B. Brown. 

Associate Justice George Shiras, Jr. 

Associate Justice Howell R. Jackson . 


MaJor=Qenerals, United States Army. 

Major-General John M. Schofield. 

Major-General Oliver O. Howard. 

Maior-General Nelson A. Miles. 


Rear=Admirals, United States Navy. 


Governors of the States and Territories. 



.00 


00 

8,000 

.00 

8,000 

.00 

8,000 

.00 

8,000 

.00 

8,000 

00 

8,000 

.00 

8,000 

00 

. 8,000 

00 

. 10,500 

00 

lO.CMDO 

00 

10,000 

00 

10,000. 

00 

10,000. 

00 

10,000. 

00 

10,000. 

00 

10,000. 

00 

10,000. 

00 

7,500. 

00 

7,500. 

00 

7,500. 

00 


At sea. 

On shore 
dut^L 

Oil leave or 
waiting orders. 

.#6,000.00 .. 

•• #5,000.00 

. . . . #4,000.00 

. 6,000.00 

5,000.00 

.... 4,000.00 

. 6,000.00 

5,000.00 

.... 4,000.00 

. 6,000.00 

. . 5,000.00 

.... 4,000.00 

6 ,000.00 

5,000 00 , 

.... 4,000.00 

. 6,000.00 

5,000.00 . 

,... 4,000 00 


Alabama.Thomas G. Jones, D.... 

Alaska Ter.tUyman R. Knapp, R . .. 

Arizona Ter.f^^athan O. Murphy, R.. 

Arkansas. William M. Fishback, D 

California. Henry H. Markham, R. 

Colorado.Davis H. W^aite, Peo .., 


3 , 000.00 
3 , 000.00 
2,600.00 
3,500 00 
6,000.00 
5,000.00 


Governors of States and Territories —Continued. 


Connecticut.Luzon B. Morris, D. 

I )elaware. Robert J. Reynolds, D. 

1 ^'lorida. Henry L. Mitchell, D. 

Cieorgia. WhllianiJ. Northern, D. (furnished house). 

Idaho.Wdlliam J. McConnell, R. 

Illinois.John P. Altgeld, D. (furnished house). 

Indiana. Claude Matthews, D. 

I®"'a. Horace Boies, I). {$600 allowed for house rent). 

Kansas. Lorenzo D. Lewelling, Peo. 

Kentucky.John Y. Brown, D. (furnished house). 

Maine. Plenry B. Cleaves, R. 

Maryland. Frank Brown, D. (furnished house). 

Massachusetts. Whlliam R. Russell, D. 

Michigan .John T. Rich, R. 

Minnesota. Knnte Nelson, R. 

Mississippi.John M. Stone, D. (furnished house). 

Missouri. Whlliam J. Stone, D. (furnished house). 

Montana.J. R. Rickards, R. 

Nebraska. Lorenzo Crounse, R. (#1,000 for house rent) 

Nevada. Roswell K. Colcord, R. 

New Hampshire . . John B. Smith, R. 

New Jersey. George T. W^ertz, D. 

New Mexico Ter . .fL. Bradford Prince, R. (Lives in old adobe palace, rent free) 

New \ork. Roswell P. Flower, D. (furnished house). 

North Carolina... . Rlias Carr, D. (furnished house). 

North Dakota. R. C. D. Shortridge, Peo. 

Ohio.William McKinley, Jr., R. 

Oklahoma Ter . .. .fAbraham J. Seay, R. 

Oregon. Sylvester Pennoyer, D. (?). 

Pennsylvania. Robert R. Pattisou, D. (furnished house). 

Rhode Island. D. Russell Brown, R. 

South Carolina-B. R. Tillman, D. (furnished house).' 

.South Dakota. Charles H. .Sheldon, R. 

Tennessee. Peter Turney, D. 

Texas.James H. Hogg, D. (furnished house) . 

Utah Ter.f Arthur L. Thomas, R. 

Vermont . Levi K. Fuller, R. 

Virginia. Philip W. McKinney, D. (furnished house). 

Washington.John H. McGraw, R. 

W'est Virginia.William MacCorkle, D. 

Wisconsin. George W. Peck, D. (furnished house) ^ . 

W^yoming.John R. Osborne, D. 


# 4,000 

.CX> 

2,000 

.00 

3-500 

00 

3,000 

.00 

3,000 

.00 

6,000 

.00 

5,000 

.00 

3,000 

.00 

3,000 

.00 

5,000 

.00 

2,500 

.00 

4.500 

.00 

8,000 

.00 

4,000 

.00 

5,000 

.00 

0 

8 

.cx> 

5.000 

.oa 

5,000 

.00 

2,500. 

.00 

5,000. 

,cx> 

2,000. 

00 

10,000. 

,00 

2,600. 

00 

10,000. 

00 

3,000. 

00 

3,000. 

oa 

8,000. 

00 

2,600. 

oa 

1,500. 

oa 

10,000. 

oa 

3,000. 

00 

3,500. 

oa 

2,500. 

oa 

4,000. 

oa 

4,000 

oa 

2,600. 

oa 

1,500. 

oa 

5,000. 

oa 

4,000. 

oa 

2,700. 

oa 

5,000. 

oa 

2,500. 

oa 


D.—Democrat. R.—Republican. Peo. — People’s Part}-. 
President. 


t-Appointed by the 







































































































































It 

> 

the presidential vote for 1892 , 

Civing the Highest Number of Votes Cast for any one Elector on each Ticket. 



Dem. 

Cleveland. 

1 Rep. 

Harrison. 

People’s. 

Weaver. 

Prohi. 

Bidwell. 


I 

Deni. 

Cleveland. 

Rep. 

Harrison. 

People’s. 

Weaver. 

Prohi. 

Bidwell. 

Alabama. 

138,138 

9.197 

85,181 

239 

Nebra.ska. 

! 

24.943 

714 

87,227 

2,811 

83,134 

1 7,264 

- - 

Arkansas. 

87-834 

46,974 

1 11,831 

129 

Nevada. 

4,902 

California. 

118,174 

' 118,027 

i 

i 38,620 

77.025 

1 

( 18,077 




89 

Colorado. 

25.311 

53,584 

806 

8,096 

New Hampshire .. 

42,081 

45.658 

! 292 

1.297 

Connecticut. 

82,395 

18,581 

1,687 

Newjerse}'. 

171.042 

156,068 

969 

8,131 

Delaware. 

4,025 

564 

New York. 

654,908 

609,459 

* 16,436 

38,193 



North Carolina .. . 

133.098 

100,565 



Florida. 

30.143 

129,386 


4.443 

569 

North Dakota .... 



Georgia. 

48,305 

8,599 

399,288 

255,615 

219.795 

156,134 

. 

17.519 

17.700 

899 

Idaho . 

42,937 

988 

Ohio. 

1 ^ 

404.115 

405,187 

14.850 

26,012 

Illinois. 

426,281 

262,740 

196,367 

10,520 

288 

Oregon. 

14,243 

35,002 

35.811 

2,281 

Indiana. 

22.207 

22.208 

25,870 

i 

Pennsylvania. 

452,264 

516,011 

8,714 

25.123 

Iowa. 

13.050 ; 

Rhode Island. 

24.336 

26,975 

1.654 

228 

Kansas. 

20,595 

162,897 

6,402 ! 

1 

162,097 1 

vSouth Carolina .. . 

South Dakota .... 

54,698 

13.348 

2,410 




8,907 

34.825 

26,382 


Kentucky . 

175.461 

87,622 

135.441 

30,484 

62,878 1 

23.500 

^ 1 
6,442 

i 

Tenne.s.see. 




Louisiana . 

136,574 

239,148 

16,325 

163-977 

99,851 

81,347 

37,992 

113,262 

23,622 

99,688 

4.774 

Maine . 

48,044 

2,381 

1 

3,062 

5.877 

Vermont . 

2,165 

Marvland . 

I 13,866 

92.736 ■ 

796 

Virp^inin. 

42 

1,424 



^2,2/5 

2,738 

Massachusetts .. .. , 

176,858 

202,923 

i 

3.348 

7.539 

Washincrton. 

29,844 

36,460 

19.105 





Michigan. 

202,296 

222,708 

19.931 

20,857 

West Virginia .... 

84,467 

80,293 

1 

4,166 

2,145 

Minnesota. 

101,920 

122,823 1 

29,313 

14,182 ' 

Wisconsin. 

177.335 

170,791 

9,909 



13,132 

Mississippi. 

40,237 

1,406 

10,257 

910 ll 

Wyoming. 


8,454 

7,722 




530 

IMissouri. 

268,396 

226,940 

18,851 

41,201 

/ .v-)o 4 

4.333 ' 

549 1 





Montana. 

17.581 1 


5.555,339 

5.191,951 

992,726 

424,371 


\\ e are greatly obliged to all the secretaries of state (except Louisiana) for information regarding salaries of governors and the above figures. 


135 

































































































































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